Table 2.
Novel PET tracers for human use: Potential in atherosclerosis risk stratification?
| Target | Modality | Study type | Notes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active calcification using 18F-NaF | Hybrid PET/CT | Retrospective study of cancer patients | First report and feasibility study of atherosclerosis in different arterial vascular beds using 18F-NaF | Derlin et al. (2010) |
| MΦ activity (SSTR2) | Hybrid PET/CT | Retrospective study of cancer patients | First study of MΦ activity in atherosclerosis using the tracer 68Ga-DOTATATE | Rominger et al. (2010) |
| MΦ activity (SSTR2) and glycolysis | Hybrid PET/CT | Retrospective study of cancer patients | First comparison of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTATATE in atherosclerotic disease | Li et al. (2012) |
| Hypoxia | Standalone PET | Prospective study of cancer patients | First study of hypoxia using 18F-FMISO uptake in cancer patients | Valk et al. (1992) |
| Hypoxia | Standalone PET | Prospective study of cancer patients | First study of hypoxia using 62Cu-ATSM uptake in cancer patients | Takahashi et al. (2000) |
| Angiogenesis (αVβ3) | Standalone PET | Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics study | First study of angiogenesis using 18F-Galacto-RGD in cancer patients | Beer et al. (2005) |
αVβ3, integrin receptor dimer alphaVbeta3; CT, computed tomography; 62Cu-ATSM, 62Cu-diacetyl-bis(N4methyl-thiosemicarbazone); 18F-FDG, 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose; 18F-FMISO, 18F-fluoromisonidazole; 18F-NaF, 18F-sodium fluoride; 68Ga-DOTATATE, 68Ga-[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetraaceticacid]-ᴅ-Phe1,Tyr3-octreotate; MΦ, macrophages; PET, positron emission tomography; SSTR2, somatostatin receptor subtype 2.