. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 19.

Published in final edited form as: Brookings Pap Econ Act. 2013 Fall;2013:261–302. doi: 10.1353/eca.2013.0014

Table A3.

Health Spending Growth vs. GDP Growth Rate

	Dependent variable: growth in real per capita total national health expenditures
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
Real per capita	0.165
GDP growth	(0.105)
Average 2-year		0.164
GDP growth		(0.116)
Average 3-year			0.183
GDP growth			(0.167)
Average 4-year				0.428^**
GDP growth				(0.196)
Average 5-year					0.938^***
GDP growth					(0.192)
Average 6-year						1.328^***
GDP growth						(0.176)
Average 7-year							1.475^***
GDP growth							(0.207)
Average 8-year								1.488^***
GDP growth								(0.249)
Constant	0.0385^***	0.0385^***	0.0381^***	0.0337^***	0.0240^***	0.0161^***	0.0125^***	0.0116^**
	(0.00320)	(0.00351)	(0.00442)	(0.00448)	(0.00391)	(0.00359)	(0.00439)	(0.00545)

First year	1970	1970	1970	1970	1970	1970	1970	1970
Last year	2012	2012	2012	2012	2012	2012	2012	2012
R²	0.0439	0.0277	0.0225	0.0827	0.270	0.402	0.388	0.327
N	43	43	43	43	43	43	43	43

Source: Total national health expenditures are from the CMS National Health Expenditure Accounts from 1970–2011, with 2012 estimates provided by the Altarum Institute. The gross domestic product and GDP deflator are published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis.

p < .10,

^**

p < .05,

^***

p < .01

Standard errors in parentheses. Results are from OLS regressions with robust standard errors.