Table 5. Predictors of clinical feature change at exacerbation.
| Exacerbation (n = 30) | ||||||||
| Cox-2 expression levels | IL-1β expression levels | RelB expression levels | IL-8 expression levels | |||||
| Clinical features | ß (95% CI) | p-value | ß (95% CI) | p-value | ß (95% CI) | p-value | ß (95% CI) | p-value |
| Systolic BP | −677.58 (−1586.61–231.45) | 0.14 | −1390.54 (−3283.70–502.62) | 0.14 | −50749.6 (−92792.3–−8706.83)* | 0.020* | −12649.1 (−24031.7–−1266.55)* | 0.031* |
| pH | −0.13 (−2.15–1.90) | 0.90 | 1.00 (−2.94–4.94) | 0.60 | −25.42 (−116.18–65.33) | 0.56 | −29.07 (−52.47–−5.67)* | 0.018* |
| PCO2 (mmHg) | 360.06 (18.51–701.60) | 0.040* | 123.24 (−620.68–867.17) | 0.73 | 12518.77 (−3831.36–28868.91) | 0.13 | 5085.44 (564.18–9606.71)* | 0.030* |
| Ca++ (mmol/L) | 2.82 (0.46–5.19) | 0.023* | 5.41 (0.34–10.48)* | 0.038* | 85.87 (−33.15–204.90) | 0.14 | 15.66 (−23.12–54.43) | 0.40 |
| FEV1/FVC | −2.27 (−9.08–4.55) | 0.50 | −14.75 (−28.27–−1.23)* | 0.034* | −157.61 (−492.65–177.42) | 0.34 | −46.09 (−140.18–48.00) | 0.32 |
| AP (mmHg) | −115.51 (−500.67–269.66) | 0.54 | −120.55 (−831.09–589.99) | 0.73 | 12466.04 (−5030.98–29963.05) | 0.15 | 5254.52 (1644.29–8864.76)* | 0.0070* |
| Aix (%) | −348.85 (−1173.38–475.68) | 0.39 | −572.74 (−2098.13–952.65) | 0.44 | 22125.77 (−16420.3–60671.88) | 0.24 | 11956.20 (4295.85–19616.55)* | 0.0040* |
| RBC (10∧12/L) | −26.85 (−54.28–0.57) | 0.060 | −79.50 (−132.82–−26.18)* | 0.0060* | −833.40 (−2267.21–600.42) | 0.24 | −233.26 (−634.42–167.91) | 0.24 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | −697.08 (−1584.64–190.48) | 0.12 | −2074.77 (−3864.48–−285.06)* | 0.025* | −27604.0 (−72519.4–17311.45) | 0.22 | −5718.07 (−18463.6–7027.43) | 0.36 |
| Hct (L/L) | −2.18 (−4.87–0.51) | 0.11 | −7.33 (−12.46–−2.19)* | 0.0070* | −63.61 (−202.16–74.94) | 0.35 | −17.94 (−56.53–20.65) | 0.34 |
| RBC diameter width (cV) | 83.94 (12.69–155.20) | 0.023* | 42.68 (−122.55–207.91) | 0.60 | 2309.70 (−1537.06–6156.46) | 0.23 | −247.14 (−1305.99–811.72) | 0.63 |
| Abs. eosinophil (10∧9/L) | 4.15 (0.79–7.51) | 0.018* | −1.17 (−9.51–7.16) | 0.77 | 134.32 (−45.59–314.24) | 0.14 | 63.29 (18.69–107.89) | 0.0080* |
| Abs. basophil (10∧9/L) | 1.89 (0.23–3.54) | 0.027* | 0.97 (−2.45–4.40) | 0.56 | 77.14 (−8.13–162.41) | 0.074 | 5.87 (−16.07–27.82) | 0.58 |
| Bicarbonate level (mmol/L) | 214.54 (41.93–387.15) | 0.017* | −28.89 (−431.63–373.85) | 0.88 | 8733.02 (−227.46–17693.51) | 0.056 | 1700.47 (−753.55–4154.48) | 0.16 |
| Anion gap (mmol/L) | −183.24 (−289.11–−77.38) | 0.0020* | 0.27 (−288.19–288.73) | 1.00 | −8316.41 (−13802.0–−2830.85)* | 0.0050* | −2294.72 (−3798.95–−790.50) | 0.0050* |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 111.10 (−89.66–311.86) | 0.26 | 54.92 (−389.96–499.80) | 0.80 | 5829.30 (−4079.80–15738.40) | 0.24 | −346.36 (−3193.78–2501.05) | 0.80 |
Linear regression models were used to estimate predictors of change in clinical features and were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and smoking pack-years. Inflammatory markers were used as independent variables to predict changes in all clinical features of patients. ß represents the change in a clinical feature associated with a one-unit change in biomarker expression.
*Denotes statistical significance.
MAP: mean arterial pressure.