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. 2014 Nov 19;9(11):e113383. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113383

Table 2. Musicianship Class: Learning Objectives.

Rhythm
Identify, read and perform basic note/rest values, measures, bar lines, meters (e.g. music math)
Identify and perform simple rhythmic patterns and ostinatos with a steady beat
Pitch
Name lines/spaces on the staff (treble and bass clef, basic understating of grand staff and C clef)
Identify and perform simple melodic patterns
Match and adjust pitch
Follow pitch direction through movement
Sing and identify major and minor scales
Performance
Sing and perform independently and in groups, on pitch and in rhythm, blending timbres
Follow a conductor for dynamics, tempo, and cues
Exhibit appropriate rehearsal etiquette
Students echo short rhythms and melodic patterns (call and response)
Improvisation and Composition
Improvise "answers" in the same style to given rhythmic and melodic phrases (another form of call and response)
Improvise simple rhythmic variations and melodic embellishments on familiar melodies
Create and arrange short songs and instrumental pieces within specified guidelines
Write and perform simple compositions
Musical Awareness
Explain personal preferences for music and styles using appropriate terminology for music, music notation, music instruments and voices
Identify instruments and their sounds, including instruments from various cultures
Listen to music, analyze and describe structure/emotion
Musical Terms
Melody, rhythm, and harmony
Beat, measure, bar line, repeat sign, double bar
Tempo (lento, adagio, allegro & presto)
Dynamics (p, mp, mf, f, crescendo and decrescendo)
Whole, half, dotted half, quarter, and eighth notes;
Whole, half, quarter rests
Time signature (4/4, 2/4, 3/4)
Verse, chorus
Tutti, solo, duet
Scale
Chord
Grand Staff, treble clef, bass clef, C clef
Sharp, flat
Key signature
Intonation
Orchestra Instrumentation
Conductor
Strings: Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Guitar, Harp
Winds: Recorder, Flute, Clarinet, Oboe, Bassoon, Saxophone
Brass: French horn, Trumpet, Trombone, Tuba
Percussion: Timpani, Cymbals, Snare Drum, Drum Set, etc.
Piano and Keyboard