Fig. 3. TLR4-deficient mice have deleterious LV function compared with WT mice after CLP surgery.

A. LV function measured in a Langendorff perfusion system. Twenty-four hours after CLP or sham surgery, the heart was excised and perfused in a Langendorff system. Left ventricle (LV) function was measured. Each error bar represents the mean ± SE, n=4 in WT-sham group, n=6 in TLR4^def-sham group, n=8 in WT-CLP group, n=10 in TLR4^def-CLP group. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. * P < 0.05. *** P < 0.001. Detailed P values in LVDP assessement: WT-CLP vs. WT-sham, P=0.013; WT-CLP vs. TLR4^def-CLP, P=0.034. Detailed P values in dP/dt_max assessement: WT-CLP vs. WT-sham, P=0.012; WT-CLP vs. TLR4^def-CLP, P=0.041. LVDP=left ventricle developed pressure; dP/dt _max=the maximal rate of left ventricle pressure development; B–C. Sarcomere shortening and Ca²⁺ transients in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. B, Representative tracing of sarcomere shortening and Ca²⁺ transients in isolated cardiomyocytes 24 h after CLP surgery. C, Accumulated data of sarcomere shortening and Ca²⁺ transients. The data in each group were recorded from 14 to 15 single adult cardiomyocytes isolated from four mice. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. ***P < 0.0001. WT, wild type; TLR, Toll-like receptor; CLP, cecum ligation and puncture; SacL, Sarcomere length.