Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes by the outcome during follow-upa
| Men |
Women |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No CHD | CHD | P value | No CHD | CHD | P value | |
| Number of participants | 8,029 | 2,926 | 14,991 | 4,488 | ||
| Age, mean (SE) (years) | 50.2 (0.11) | 54.1 (0.18) | <0.001 | 51.1 (0.08) | 53.9 (0.15) | <0.001 |
| Income, mean (SE) ($/family) | 18,935 (319) | 22,207 (521) | <0.001 | 18,850 (203) | 20,273 (371) | <0.001 |
| BMI at baseline, mean (SE) (kg/m2) | 32.5 (0.09) | 33.3 (0.14) | <0.001 | 35.6 (0.07) | 35.7 (0.12) | 0.36 |
| BMI during follow-up, mean (SE) (kg/m2) | 32.3 (0.08) | 33.2 (0.13) | <0.001 | 35.5 (0.07) | 35.7 (0.12) | 0.18 |
| BMI at last visit, mean (SE) (kg/m2) | 32.2 (0.09) | 33.0 (0.14) | <0.001 | 35.3 (0.07) | 35.4 (0.13) | 0.42 |
| Race, N (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| African American | 4,731 (58.9) | 1,369 (46.8) | 9,168 (61.2) | 2,380 (53.0) | ||
| White | 3,298 (41.1) | 1,557 (53.2) | 5,823 (38.8) | 2,108 (47.0) | ||
| HbA1c, mean [% (mmol/mol)] | 8.02 (64) | 7.99 (64) | 0.59 | 7.51 (59) | 7.71 (61) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mean (SE) (mg/dL) | 39.5 (0.1) | 38.8 (0.2) | 0.006 | 46.0 (0.1) | 45.0 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mean (SE) (mg/dL) | 109 (0.5) | 105 (0.8) | <0.001 | 116 (0.3) | 113 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mean (SE) (mg/dL) | 151 (1.0) | 160 (1.7) | <0.001 | 140 (0.6) | 149 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| GFR, N (%) (mL/min/1.73 m2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ≥90 | 4,261 (53.1) | 1,215 (41.5) | 7,256 (48.4) | 1,824 (40.7) | ||
| 60–89 | 2,977 (37.1) | 1,208 (41.3) | 6,027 (40.2) | 1,820 (40.5) | ||
| 30–59 | 656 (8.2) | 430 (14.7) | 1,539 (10.3) | 752 (16.8) | ||
| 15–29 | 84 (1.0) | 52 (1.8) | 113 (0.7) | 73 (1.6) | ||
| <15 | 51 (0.6) | 21 (0.7) | 56 (0.4) | 19 (0.4) | ||
| Current smoker, N (%) | 2,930 (36.5) | 987 (33.7) | 0.014 | 3,808 (25.4) | 1,178 (26.3) | 0.46 |
| Types of insurance, N (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Free | 5,999 (74.7) | 1,969 (67.3) | 12,559 (83.8) | 3,399 (75.7) | ||
| Self-pay | 698 (8.7) | 141 (4.8) | 601 (4.0) | 125 (2.8) | ||
| Medicaid | 368 (4.6) | 150 (5.1) | 692 (4.6) | 325 (7.3) | ||
| Medicare | 732 (9.1) | 591 (20.2) | 844 (5.6) | 561 (12.5) | ||
| Commercial | 232 (2.9) | 75 (2.6) | 295 (2.0) | 78 (1.7) | ||
| Uses of medications, N % | ||||||
| Glucose-lowering medication | 5,196 (64.7) | 1,989 (68.0) | <0.001 | 9,730 (64.9) | 3,085 (68.7) | <0.001 |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 3,852 (48.0) | 1,879 (64.2) | <0.001 | 8,188 (54.6) | 2,994 (66.7) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive medication | 5,495 (68.4) | 2,183 (74.6) | <0.001 | 11,017 (73.5) | 3,484 (77.6) | <0.001 |
aData represent means or percentages. All data except age are adjusted for age and race.