Table 2.
HRs of CHD according to different levels of BMI at baseline, during follow-up, and at last visit among patients with type 2 diabetes
| BMI (kg/m2) |
P for trend | Each 1-kg/m2 increase | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25.0 | 25.0–29.9 | 30–34.9 | 35–39.9 | ≥40 | |||
| Baseline | |||||||
| Men | 1,561 | 3,008 | 2,948 | 1,789 | 1,649 | ||
| Number of cases | 350 | 774 | 811 | 540 | 451 | ||
| Person-years | 11,085 | 21,192 | 19,990 | 11,382 | 10,889 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.98–1.27) | 1.24 (1.09–1.41) | 1.50 (1.31–1.72) | 1.39 (1.20–1.61) | <0.001 | 1.015 (1.010–1.020) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 1.14 (1.00–1.29) | 1.27 (1.12–1.45) | 1.54 (1.34–1.78) | 1.42 (1.23–1.64) | <0.001 | 1.015 (1.011–1.020) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.00–1.33) | 1.24 (1.07–1.43) | 1.47 (1.26–1.72) | 1.45 (1.24–1.70) | <0.001 | 1.015 (1.009–1.020) |
| Women | 1,681 | 3,873 | 4,719 | 3,968 | 5,238 | ||
| Number of cases | 420 | 904 | 1,054 | 938 | 1,172 | ||
| Person-years | 12,664 | 30,032 | 36,548 | 30,102 | 39,538 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 1.03 (0.91–1.16) | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 0.010 | 1.004 (1.000–1.007) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.95 (0.84–1.06) | 1.06 (0.94–1.20) | 1.09 (1.00–1.22) | <0.001 | 1.004 (1.001–1.008) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) | 0.92 (0.82–1.05) | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | 1.07 (0.95–1.22) | 0.006 | 1.005 (1.001–1.009) |
| Follow-up | |||||||
| Men | 1,494 | 3,108 | 3,028 | 1,797 | 1,528 | ||
| Number of cases | 335 | 814 | 813 | 529 | 435 | ||
| Person-years | 10,691 | 21,876 | 20,542 | 11,629 | 9,806 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) | 1.22 (1.07–1.39) | 1.49 (1.30–1.72) | 1.50 (1.29–1.74) | <0.001 | 1.017 (1.012–1.023) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.02–1.32) | 1.26 (1.11–1.44) | 1.53 (1.33–1.77) | 1.55 (1.33–1.80) | <0.001 | 1.018 (1.013–1.023) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.02–1.36) | 1.24 (1.07–1.44) | 1.45 (1.24–1.69) | 1.55 (1.31–1.82) | <0.001 | 1.017 (1.011–1.023) |
| Women | 1,579 | 3,897 | 4,874 | 3,965 | 5,164 | ||
| Number of cases | 388 | 905 | 1,086 | 948 | 1,161 | ||
| Person-years | 12,098 | 30,034 | 37,749 | 29,862 | 39,139 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.86–1.10) | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 1.10 (0.98–1.25) | 1.10 (0.98–1.24) | <0.001 | 1.004 (1.001–1.008) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.88–1.12) | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) | 1.14 (1.01–1.29) | 1.14 (1.01–1.29) | <0.001 | 1.006 (1.002–1.009) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.88–1.15) | 1.00 (0.88–1.14) | 1.12 (0.98–1.28) | 1.12 (0.99–1.28) | 0.003 | 1.005 (1.000–1.009) |
| Last visit | |||||||
| Men | 1,715 | 3,064 | 2,892 | 1,713 | 1,571 | ||
| Number of cases | 406 | 794 | 782 | 494 | 450 | ||
| Person-years | 12,241 | 21,431 | 19,682 | 11,108 | 10,076 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.99–1.27) | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | 1.44 (1.25–1.64) | 1.48 (1.28–1.70) | <0.001 | 1.016 (1.011–1.020) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 1.15 (1.01–1.30) | 1.25 (1.10–1.41) | 1.49 (1.30–1.70) | 1.53 (1.32–1.76) | <0.001 | 1.016 (1.011–1.021) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.97–1.26) | 1.19 (1.04–1.37) | 1.33 (1.15–1.54) | 1.46 (1.25–1.70) | <0.001 | 1.015 (1.009–1.020) |
| Women | 1,891 | 3,989 | 4,708 | 3,837 | 5,054 | ||
| Number of cases | 502 | 907 | 1,039 | 913 | 1,127 | ||
| Person-years | 14,259 | 30,874 | 36,346 | 28,962 | 38,442 | ||
| Adjustment HR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 1.00 (0.90–1.12) | 0.022 | 1.004 (1.000–1.007) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.80–1.00) | 0.90 (0.81–1.00) | 1.05 (0.93–1.17) | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) | 0.003 | 1.004 (1.001–1.008) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) | 1.03 (0.92–1.17) | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.085 | 1.003 (0.999–1.006) |
aAdjusted for age and race.
bAdjusted for age, race, types of insurance, income, and smoking.
cAdjusted for age, race, types of insurance, income, smoking, systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, eGFR, use of antihypertensive drugs (none, ACE inhibitor, angiotensin II receptor blockers, β-blockers, calcium channel blocker, diuretics, other antihypertensive drugs, and any two or more of above treatments), glucose-lowering agents (none, oral hypoglycemic agents, and insulin), and cholesterol-lowering agents (none, statins, and other cholesterol-lowering agents).