Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Treatment Group for Those with Diagnosed PAD* During ALLHAT
| N (%) unless otherwise specified | Treatment group | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorthalidone | Amlodipine | Lisinopril | |||
| 402 | 198 | 230 | A vs. C | L vs. C | |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 68.5 (6.9) | 68.9 (7.5) | 68.8 (7.5) | 0.513 | 0.598 |
| 55–64 | 115 (28.6) | 63 (31.8) | 74 (32.2) | 0.418 | 0.346 |
| 65+ | 287 (71.4) | 135 (68.2) | 156 (67.8) | ||
| Women | 137 (34.1) | 75 (37.9) | 87 (37.8) | 0.360 | 0.343 |
| Black | 142 (35.3) | 68 (34.3) | 77 (33.5) | 0.813 | 0.639 |
| Hispanic | 32 (8.0) | 15 (7.6) | 23 (10.0) | 0.869 | 0.381 |
| Education, years, mean (SD) | 11.2 (3.7) | 10.8 (4.0) | 11.3 (3.4) | 0.151 | 0.792 |
| Type II diabetes | 221 (58.8) | 100 (53.5) | 104 (47.9) | 0.231 | 0.011 |
| ASCVD | 252 (62.7) | 132 (66.7) | 160 (69.6) | 0.340 | 0.081 |
| History of CHD | 149 (37.6) | 83 (42.1) | 80 (34.9) | 0.290 | 0.501 |
| Hx CABG | 115 (28.6) | 59 (29.8) | 76 (33.0) | 0.762 | 0.243 |
| Hx MI or stroke | 126 (31.3) | 67 (33.8) | 67 (29.1) | 0.538 | 0.561 |
| OASCVD | 135 (33.6) | 72 (36.4) | 90 (39.1) | 0.500 | 0.169 |
| ST/T wave | 29 (7.3) | 21 (10.7) | 25 (11.0) | 0.165 | 0.122 |
| Smoking† | |||||
| Current | 138 (34.3) | 56 (28.3) | 79 (34.4) | 0.234 | 0.986 |
| Former | 177 (44.0) | 95 (48.0) | 101 (43.9) | 0.977 | 0.974 |
| Never | 87 (21.6) | 47 (23.7) | 50 (21.7) | ||
| Medication use, n (%) | |||||
| Aspirin | 168 (41.8) | 105 (53.0) | 107 (46.5) | 0.029 | 0.232 |
| Antihypertensive medication‡ | 356 (88.6) | 180 (90.9) | 211 (91.7) | 0.380 | 0.205 |
| Estrogen (%♀) | 19 (13.9) | 11 (14.7) | 14 (16.1) | 0.873 | 0.647 |
| Heart rate, mean (SD) | 73.7 (11.7) | 73.3 (10.6) | 74.3 (10.9) | 0.701 | 0.542 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 28.4 (5.7) | 28.1 (5.9) | 27.6 (5.2) | 0.542 | 0.097 |
| LVH by ECG (Minnesota code) | 25 (7.0) | 10 (5.9) | 12 (6.0) | 0.646 | 0.644 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (SD)§ | |||||
| Total | 216.3 (50.2) | 230.4(62.3) | 225.6 (52.5) | 0.004 | 0.033 |
| LDL | 135.5 (38.7) | 142.7 (41.7) | 141.3 (39.9) | 0.051 | 0.097 |
| Triglycerides | 197.5 (183.6) | 216.9 (259.9) | 209.7 (239.0) | 0.366 | 0.530 |
| HDL | 43.2(13.7) | 44.1 (13.7) | 44.4 (14.1) | 0.421 | 0.279 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dl, mean (SD)§ | 140.0 (72.6) | 131.9 (61.3) | 132.4 (63.5) | 0.250 | 0.251 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2, mean (SD) | 73.0 (23.0) | 75.3 (22.0) | 73.2 (24.2) | 0.252 | 0.916 |
| Blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | |||||
| Systolic, total | 148 (16) | 149 (16) | 147 (16) | 0.577 | 0.539 |
| Diastolic, total | 81 (10) | 81 (11) | 81 (11) | 0.830 | 0.848 |
| Systolic, treated at baseline | 147 (16) | 148 (16) | 146 (16) | 0.345 | 0.629 |
| Diastolic, treated at baseline | 81 (10) | 81 (11) | 81 (11) | 0.673 | 0.601 |
| Pulse pressure | 67 (15) | 68 (16) | 66 (17) | 0.458 | 0.609 |
Abbreviations: A amlodipine; BMI body mass index; C chlorthalidone; CABG coronary artery bypass graft; CHD coronary heart disease; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate by simplified four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study formula; HTN hypertension; L lisinopril; LVH left ventricular hypertrophy; MI myocardial infarction; (O)ASCVD (other) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; SD standard deviation
*Refers to documented hospitalized PAD or lower extremity PAD revascularization procedure
†Current and former smoking compared with never smoker at baseline
‡Names or classifications of specific pre-ALLHAT antihypertensive medications used prior to enrollment were not collected at baseline
§Reduced N(C/A/L): cholesterol = 384/187/217; LDL = 348/173/195; Triglycerides = 299/144/180; HDL = 384/187/216; glucose = 291/142/173; eGFR = 388/188/216