Use Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) to delineate the spatial distribution of FP-S1 fMRI across S1 cortices. (A) Mn-tracing presents a clear deep layer-enhanced signal in the HP-S1, FP-S1, and BC in the averaged magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) images. The MPRAGE image is overlapped with the registered brain atlas, showing well-matched Mn-enhanced S1 partitions with brain atlas. (B) The enlarged MPRAGE images highlight the S1 partitions with a gray line to sample the Mn-enhanced signal across the S1. The Mn-enhanced line profiles across HP-S1, FP-S1, and BC were plotted (n=4). The red markers showed the spatial location of the peak Mn-enhanced signal and the minimal signal from the dysgranular zones adjacent to the FP-S1. *Means the signal intensity was significantly higher in the FP-S1 than the dysgranular zones (One-way ANOVA, F=81.6, p=1.7×10e−6). &Means that the spatial distributions of maximal and minimal signals are significantly different from each other (One-way ANOVA, *F=62.8, p=5.15×10e−6).