Table 1.
Passive immunotherapy studies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) beyond clinical Phase I as of January 2013
| Company | Drug (type of antibody) | Aβ epitope | Clinical stage | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elan/Wyeth/Pfizer | Bapineuzumab (humanized monoclonal) | N-terminal | Two Phase III studies completed | Terminated for lack of efficacy |
| Eli Lilly | Solanezumab (humanized monoclonal) | Mid-domain | Two Phase III studies completed | Negative primary outcomes, positive effects in mild AD; another Phase III study planned |
| ADCS/Baxter | Gammagard IVIG (human polyclonal) | Aβ aggregate conformational neoepitopes | Phase III | Negative primary outcomes, positive effects in moderate AD and APOE e4 carriers |
| Roche/Morphosys | Gantenerumab (human monoclonal) | N-terminal and mid-domain+ | Phase III | Conformational antibody |
| Pfizer | Ponezumab (humanized monoclonal) | C-terminal | Phase II | Terminated IgG2a |
| Genentech/Roche | Crenezumab (humanized monoclonal) | Soluble Aβ and plaques | Phase II | IgG4 subclass, with reduced effector function |
| Eisai/BioArctic | BAN2401 (humanized monoclonal) | Aβ protofibrils | Phase IIb | Phase II study in MCI/early AD |
ADCS, Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; MCI, mild cognitive impairment.