Table 1.
Demographic and disease data for patients with preoperative disease within and beyond the Milan criteria (MC)
| Factors | Whole cohort (n = 304) | Within MC groupa (n = 94) | Beyond MC groupa (n = 210) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Female gender, n (%) | 89 (29%) | 25 (27%) | 64 (30%) | 0.6 |
| Age, years, median (range) | 67 (14–89) | 67 (32–85) | 67 (14–89) | 0.6 |
| MELD score, median (range) | 8 (6–19) | 8 (6–13) | 8 (6–19) | 0.334 |
| Child–Pugh score, median (range) | 5 (5–8) | 5 (5–6) | 5 (5–8) | 0.007 |
| Child–Pugh Grade A, n (%) | 236 (97%) | 70 (100%) | 166 (96%) | 0.1973 |
| Child–Pugh Grade B, n (%) | 7 (3%) | 0 | 7 (4%) | – |
| Child–Pugh Grade C, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Operative data | ||||
| Prior liver resection, n (%) | 12 (4%) | 9 (10%) | 3 (1%) | 0.002 |
| Major resection, n (%) | 147 (48%) | 15 (16%) | 132 (63%) | <0.001 |
| Blood loss, ml, median (range) | 400 (10–8500) | 300 (10–3000) | 500 (25–8500) | <0.001 |
| Pathological data | ||||
| Tumour size, cm, median (range) | 6.6 (0.9–25.5) | 3.2 (0.9–13) | 9 (1–25.5) | <0.001 |
| Single tumour, n (%) | 267 (88%) | 86 (91%) | 181 (86%) | 0.3 |
| Differentiation, n (%) | 0.03 | |||
| Well | 51 (17%) | 17 (18%) | 34 (17%) | |
| Moderate | 168 (57%) | 60 (65%) | 108 (53%) | |
| Poor | 77 (26%) | 15 (16%) | 62 (30%) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 141 (46%) | 32 (34%) | 109 (52%) | 0.004 |
| Microsatellites present, n (%) | 63 (21%) | 13 (14%) | 50 (24%) | 0.05 |
| Cirrhosis present, n (%) | 74 (24%) | 35 (37%) | 39 (19%) | <0.001 |
| Within Milan criteria by pathology | – | 88 (94%) | 19 (9%) | <0.001 |
| Survival, months, median (range) | – | 102.1 (67.3–127.0) | 44.9 (36.1–63.5) | <0.001 |
| RFS, months, median (range) | – | 45.6 (28.8–66.2) | 15.0 (10.2–22.1) | <0.001 |
| Aetiology of primary liver disease, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Alcohol | 32 (11%) | 14 (15%) | 18 (9%) | |
| Haemochromatosis | 6 (2%) | 2 (2%) | 4 (2%) | |
| Hepatitis B | 79 (26%) | 29 (31%) | 50 (24%) | |
| Hepatitis B and C | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (1%) | 0 | |
| Hepatitis C | 52 (17%) | 26 (28%) | 26 (12%) | |
| Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) | 1 (0.3%) | 0 | 1 (0.5%) | |
| None | 133 (44%) | 22 (23%) | 111 (53%) | |
| Recurrence pattern, n (%) | NA | |||
| Recurrence within MC | – | 27 (29%) | 45 (22%) | |
| Recurrence beyond MC (extrahepatic recurrence) | – | 17 (19%) | 94 (46%) | |
| (11/17) | (63/94) | |||
| No evidence of disease | – | 48 (52) | 64 (32%) | |
| Unknown recurrence status | – | 2 (2%) | 7 (3%) |
a
The univariate analysis was performed for the within-MC and beyond-MC groups only, not for the whole cohort (whole cohort, n = 304: descriptive data only).
MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; NA, not applicable; RFS, recurrence-free survival.