Fig. 2.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment modulates the phenotype of dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro. Bone marrow-derived DCs were isolated and cultured in granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (20 ng/ml) medium for 8 days. DCs were treated with or without LPS stimulation at 1 μg/ml for 24 h. DCs were harvested and flow cytometry was conducted. Expression of CD205 (a), CD8 (b), CD11b (c), B220 (d), Gr-1 (e) and galectin-1 (f) was detected on CD11c⁺ DCs. CD11c⁺CD11b^low and CD11c⁺CD11b^high were gated separately in (c). Error bars represent the mean and standard deviation of triplicate determinations of percentage of CD11c⁺ cells in three independent experiments (n = 3, t-test, *P < 0·05).