Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Treatment Arm
| Demographic | BI-B (N=427) |
MSO (N=431) |
SAR (N=427) |
Total (N=1285) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 301 (70%) | 309 (72%) | 288 (67%) | 898 (70%) |
| Female | 126 (30%) | 122 (28%) | 139 (33%) | 387 (30%) |
| Age (Mean(Std)) | 36 (12) | 36 (11) | 36 (12) | 36 (12) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 100 (23%) | 106 (25%) | 99 (23%) | 305 (24%) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 324 (76%) | 322 (75%) | 325 (76%) | 971 (76%) |
| Chose not to answer | 3 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 9 (1%) |
| Race | ||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native |
10 (2%) | 4 (1%) | 10 (2%) | 24 (2%) |
| Asian | 3 (1%) | 2 (0%) | 3 (1%) | 8 (1%) |
| Black or African American | 144 (34%) | 142 (33%) | 154 (36%) | 440 (34%) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander |
2 (0%) | 2 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 5 (0%) |
| White | 207 (48%) | 224 (52%) | 210 (49%) | 641 (50%) |
| Other | 23 (5%) | 26 (6%) | 17 (4%) | 66 (5%) |
| Multiracial | 20 (5%) | 22 (5%) | 21 (5%) | 63 (5%) |
| Unknown | 7 (2%) | 2 (0%) | 6 (1%) | 15 (1%) |
| Chose not to answer | 11 (3%) | 7 (2%) | 5 (1%) | 23 (2%) |
| Education Completed | ||||
| 1-11 Years | 133 (31%) | 147 (34%) | 128 (30%) | 408 (32%) |
| GED/12 Years | 136 (32%) | 142 (33%) | 139 (33%) | 417 (32%) |
| Some College | 110 (26%) | 113 (26%) | 115 (27%) | 338 (26%) |
| College Degree | 36 (8%) | 24 (6%) | 34 (8%) | 94 (7%) |
| Some Graduate | 7 (2%) | 2 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 10 (1%) |
| Graduate Degree | 3 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 10 (2%) | 16 (1%) |
| Post Graduate Degree | 2 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0%) |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married | 41 (10%) | 36 (8%) | 45 (11%) | 122 (9%) |
| Remarried | 0 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0%) |
| Widowed | 9 (2%) | 9 (2%) | 9 (2%) | 27 (2%) |
| Separated | 26 (6%) | 39 (9%) | 21 (5%) | 86 (7%) |
| Divorced | 61 (14%) | 46 (11%) | 51 (12%) | 158 (12%) |
| Never Married | 250 (59%) | 260 (60%) | 266 (62%) | 776 (60%) |
| Cohabiting, not married | 40 (9%) | 40 (9%) | 35 (8%) | 115 (9%) |
| Employment in Past 3 Years | ||||
| Full time | 151 (35%) | 121 (28%) | 129 (30%) | 401 (31%) |
| Part time (regular hrs) | 36 (8%) | 47 (11%) | 35 (8%) | 118 (9%) |
| Part-time (irreg.) | 66 (15%) | 72 (17%) | 62 (15%) | 200 (16%) |
| Student | 27 (6%) | 23 (5%) | 28 (7%) | 78 (6%) |
| In controlled environment |
6 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 14 (1%) |
| Retired/Disability | 54 (13%) | 42 (10%) | 55 (13%) | 151 (12%) |
| Service | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Homemaker | 5 (1%) | 7 (2%) | 2 (0%) | 14 (1%) |
| Unemployed | 82 (19%) | 114 (26%) | 113 (26%) | 309 (24%) |
| Employment in Past 30 Days | ||||
| Full-time | 101 (24%) | 75 (17%) | 68 (16%) | 244 (19%) |
| Part-time (regular hrs.) | 24 (6%) | 35 (8%) | 30 (7%) | 89 (7%) |
| Part-time (irreg.) | 41 (10%) | 41 (10%) | 38 (9%) | 120 (9%) |
| Student | 28 (7%) | 26 (6%) | 30 (7%) | 84 (7%) |
| In controlled environment |
1 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 3 (0%) |
| Retired/Disability | 68 (16%) | 58 (13%) | 61 (14%) | 187 (15%) |
| Service | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Homemaker | 5 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 2 (0%) | 12 (1%) |
| Unemployed | 159 (37%) | 190 (44%) | 197 (46%) | 546 (42%) |
| Annual Household Income | ||||
| $0-$15,000 | 269 (63%) | 273 (63%) | 262 (61%) | 804 (63%) |
| $15,001-$30,000 | 61 (14%) | 65 (15%) | 54 (13%) | 180 (14%) |
| $30,001-$50,000 | 31 (7%) | 23 (5%) | 26 (6%) | 80 (6%) |
| $50,001-$75,000 | 9 (2%) | 8 (2%) | 19 (4%) | 36 (3%) |
| $75,001-$100,000 | 6 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 11 (3%) | 22 (2%) |
| More than $100,000 | 5 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 2 (0%) | 13 (1%) |
| Declined to answer | 46 (11%) | 51 (12%) | 53 (12%) | 150 (12%) |
| Primary substance | ||||
| Cannabis | 186 (44%) | 196 (45%) | 185 (43%) | 567 (44%) |
| Cocaine | 113 (26%) | 120 (28%) | 116 (27%) | 349 (27%) |
| “Street” opioids | 75 (18%) | 64 (15%) | 79 (19%) | 218 (17%) |
| Prescription opioids | 23 (5%) | 24 (6%) | 22 (5%) | 69 (5%) |
| Methamphetamine | 16 (4%) | 18 (4%) | 15 (4%) | 49 (4%) |
| Sedatives of sleeping pills | 9 (2%) | 5 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 20 (2%) |
| Hallucinogens | 4 (1%) | 2 (0%) | 3 (1%) | 9 (1%) |
| Prescription stimulants | 0 (0%) | 2 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 3 (0%) |
| DAST-10 score | 5.76 (2.26) | 5.77 (2.34) | 5.89 (2.25) | 5.81 (2.28) |
| AUDIT-C score | 5.54 (3.72) | 5.31 (3.86) | 5.45 (3.83) | 5.43 (3.81) |
|
Days of use of primary
drug * |
15.7 (11.5) | 15.6 (11.7) | 17.4 (11.6) | 16.2 (11.6) |
*
p = .042