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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 20.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS Care. 2009 Feb;21(2):197–206. doi: 10.1080/09540120801932157

Table 4. Linear regression betas (95% CI) for factors associated with personal and perceived community stigma.

Variables Retained in Models Personal stigma Perceived community stigma

β (95% C.I.) P β (95% C.I.) P
Socio-demographics
Age 0.02 (0.005, 0.27) < 0.005 -0.02 (-0.04, -0.007) < 0.005
Primary level education only 0.66 (0.12, 1.21) < 0.05
Male gender 0.40 (0.12, 0.68) < 0.01
HIV-related experience
HIV knowledge -0.39 (-0.45, -0.32) < 0.000 0.29 (0.18, 0.40) < 0.000
Know someone with HIV -0.39 (-0.68, -0.11) < 0.01 0.97 (0.47, 1.48) < 0.000
Tested for HIV -0.30 (-0.59, -0.01) < 0.05
Perceived community stigma 0.12 (0.08, 0.16) < 0.000 NA
Personal stigma N/A 0.29 (0.19, 0.38) < 0.000
Cultural Beliefs
Traditional healer can cure AIDS 0.32 (0.08, 0.57) < 0.01
People with HIV are bewitched 0.71 (0.25, 1.17) < 0.01