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. 2014 Nov 20;9(11):e113676. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113676

Table 1. Antibiotic prophylaxis for early-VAP prevention in comatose patients: patients, interventions, and outcomes.

Desirable effect Undesirable effect Desirable effect
Sample Treatment Control Outcome Outcome quality Outcome Outcome quality Treatment arm % (95%-CI) Controls % (95%-CI) Difference % (95%-CI) RR (95%-CI)
Ventilated patients, cerebral haemorrhage, GCS ≤8 Ampicillin-sulbactam 3-day course - 19 patients Noplacebo -19 patients Early VAP Weak, surrogate of death/severe disability Antibiotic- resistantbacteria selection not Adequately investigated Robust, Clinicallyrelevant for thepatient/crucial forthe health-careorganization 21.1 (8.5 to 43.3) 57.9 (36.3 to 76.9) –36.8 0.36 (0.14 to 0.94)
Ventilated patients, cerebral haemorrhage, GCS ≤12 2-dosecefuroxime - 50patients Noplacebo - 50 patients Early VAP Weak, surrogate of death/severe disability Antibiotic- resistantbacteria selection not investigated Robust, Clinically relevant for the patient/crucial for the health-care organization 16 (8.3 to 28.5) 36 (24.1 to 49.9) –20 (–35.8 to −2.8) 0.44 (0.21 to 0.93)