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. 2014 Nov 19;22:66. doi: 10.1186/s13049-014-0066-y

Table 3.

Adjusted HRs of ischemic stroke for patients who survived longer than 12 months

Mild TBI group (n = 24,905) Control group (n = 719,811)
Variables Hazard ratio 95% confidence interval P-value
MildTBI 1.38 1.20—1.59 <0.001
Male 1.49 1.42—1.56 <0.001
Patient age 1.07 1.06—1.07 <0.001
Socioeconomic status
Low 1 -- --
Moderate 0.84 0.79—0.89 <0.001
High 0.53 0.47—0.61 <0.001
Urbanization level
Urban 1 -- --
Suburban 1.15 1.08—1.22 <0.001
Rural 1.36 1.27—1.46 <0.001
Diabetes 1.57 1.48—1.67 <0.001
Hypertension 1.74 1.64—1.84 <0.001
Coronary artery disease 1.46 1.39—1.54 <0.001
Hyperlipidemia 0.90 0.85—0.96 0.001
History of alcohol intoxication 1.27 1.00—1.62 0.050
Malignancies 1.06 0.97—1.16 0.191
Charlson Comorbidity Index score
0 1 -- --
1 1.32 1.23—1.41 <0.001
≥ 2 1.46 1.36—1.57 <0.001
Heart failure 1.11 1.00—1.22 0.041
Atrial fibrillation 1.47 1.27—1.69 <0.001
Smoking 1.14 0.89—1.46 0.314
Obesity 1.28 0.91—1.82 0.161
Epilepsy 2.04 1.71—2.42 <0.001
Peripheral artery disease 1.09 0.93—1.27 0.305

Statistical results with p<0.05 were presented in boldface.