Figure 2. Epigenetic modifications are located on the chromatin and regulate transcriptional activity. DNA methylation at CpG nucleotides triggers chromatin remodeling, ultimately resulting in gene silencing, which is often associated with disease pathogenesis. Histone modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation etc. co-determine the transcriptional status of the respective genomic region, holding a critical role in various cell responses.
