Table 2. Metabolite amounts in RBCs infected with different (non-transfectant) P. falciparum strains.
The amounts (μmol per 1012 cells; obtained by 1H-NMR) are the means±S.D. from the indicated number of independent cell preparations (obtained on different days). In all cases, the cells were mature trophozoite-infected RBCs. The amounts shown are derived from cell preparations with up to 5% contamination with cRBCs. nd, not detected in some or all replicates. a: P<0.001; b: P<0.01 and c: P<0.05 from FDR-adjusted one-way ANOVA tests using the natural logarithm transformed data (see Table 1; nd data excluded). Metabolites for which there were significant differences in abundance among strains are shown in bold.
| ANOVA | 3D7 | D10 | 7G8 | K1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of independent cultures | 10 | 9 | 10 | 8 | |
| CQ resistance status | CQS | CQS | CQR | CQR | |
| Amino acids | |||||
| Alanine | a | 7.8±1.7 | 11.5±1.8 | 20.4±4.7 | 13.9±3.2 |
| 4-Aminobutyrate | a | 4.3±2.5 | 34.9±8.9 | 23.2±9.3 | 26.0±7.2 |
| Arginine | a | 33.2±16.1 | 69±21 | 50±9 | 76±18 |
| Asparagine | a | 29.0±7.7 | 30.0±4.7 | 42±8 | 35.9±6.1 |
| Aspartate | a | 54±12 | 50±10 | 117±21 | 185±54 |
| Glutamate | a | 166±18 | 237±26 | 245±37 | 238±46 |
| Glutamine | c | 58±9 | 54±11 | 50±9 | 44±8 |
| Glycine | a | 8.8±3.2 | 11.3±1.7 | 21.7±5.1 | 12.9±2.2 |
| Histidine | a | 8.9±3.3 | 9.6±3.3 | 20.3±5.1 | 13.7±2.8 |
| Isoleucine | c | 5.9±1.4 | 5.6±1.6 | 8.4±1.6 | 6.3±1.9 |
| Leucine | a | 9.7±2.9 | 11.1±2.4 | 17.8±3.6 | 11.4±3.2 |
| Lysine | a | 48±22 | 96±20 | 77±13 | 239±64 |
| Phenylalanine | c | 2.3±3.2 | 4.4±4.3 | 3.7±3.4 | 9.0±14.9 |
| Serine | a | 15.3±4.0 | 12.6±2.5 | 27.3±7.6 | 18.2±3.7 |
| Threonine | b | 15.7±3.6 | 18.3±2.4 | 21.8±3.9 | 16.8±3.0 |
| Tyrosine | a | 4.4±2.0 | 4.4±1.5 | 6.8±1.3 | 4.1±0.8 |
| Valine | a | 7.9±1.7 | 9.3±1.0 | 11.8±2.2 | 8.1±1.0 |
| Total amino acids | a | 479±92 | 669±63 | 763±99 | 960±126 |
| Glutathione | |||||
| GSSG | c | 43±10 | 54±10 | 48±7 | 54±9 |
| Soluble membrane precursors | |||||
| 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate | b | 114±29 | 81±25 | 110±21 | 132±18 |
| Choline | a | 33.2±11.5 | nd | 52±9 | 1.2±0.8 |
| myo-Inositol | b | 5.4±1.5 | 7.8±1.4 | 7.2±1.6 | 8.1±1.8 |
| Phosphocholine | a | 220±51 | 36.7±15.5 | 223±41 | 36.2±14.5 |
| Phosphoethanolamine | a | 38.7±11.3 | 89±29 | 82±21 | 60±20 |
| Nucleotides and related compounds | |||||
| ADP | 14.3±3.1 | 28.3±12.7 | 17.9±5.7 | 19.2±7.7 | |
| AMP | nd | 4.2±3.5 | nd | nd | |
| ATP | b | 88±16 | 124±46 | 121±20 | 137±17 |
| NAD+ | 56±9 | 64±9 | 60±10 | 54±5 | |
| NADP+ | c | 9.9±1.8 | 8.7±1.6 | 7.8±1.2 | 8.5±1.0 |
| Carboxylates | |||||
| Acetate | 10±6 | 15±19 | 10.5±4.3 | 15±12 | |
| Formate | 9.9±5.8 | 14±24 | 11.5±5.4 | 15.4±8.4 | |
| Fumarate | a | 0.8±0.6 | 2.6±0.3 | 1.5±0.4 | 1.0±0.6 |
| α-Ketoglutarate | 2.5±1.8 | 2.6±1.3 | 3.4±0.6 | 2.8±1.3 | |
| Lactate | 31.0±7.6 | 30±14 | 40±11 | 50±34 | |
| Malate | a | 13.8±6.5 | 33.6±7.4 | 20.4±3.4 | 15.4±7.1 |
| Succinate | a | 8.5±1.5 | 14.6±2.4 | 9.1±2.6 | 4.9±2.7 |
| Other compounds | |||||
| HEPES | 540±88 | 590±80 | 632±92 | 544±85 | |
| Putrescine | a | 26.1±8.6 | 51±15 | 30.9±6.2 | 31.2±9.9 |
| Spermidine | 164±22 | 180±26 | 165±22 | 167±19 | |
| Spermine | a | 8.4±2.2 | 12.5±2.0 | 16.1±2.6 | 16.6±2.4 |
| Total amounts | a | 1991±170 | 2210±234 | 2532±242 | 2425±194 |
| Total amounts excluding HEPES | a | 1450±150 | 1620±172 | 1900±190 | 1881±190 |