Figure 1.

Schematic representation of human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) non-coding first exons according to Turner and Muller (2005), Sinclair et al. (2012), Steiger et al. (2013). The solid black line boxes with a number represent the different exons and the 5′–3′ orientation goes from left to right. The NR3C1 gene 5′ region is composed of multiple first exons: four in the distal promoter region (A_1–3 and I) and ten (D, J, E, B, F, G, C_1–3, and H) in the proximal promoter region located in a C—phosphate—G (CpG) island. The exon 1_F promoter (lower case) and exon 1_F sequence (uppercase) is illustrated. The numbering is relative to the start codon (ATG: +1), which is located 13 nucleotides downstream from the start of exon 2. The 47 CpG sites are in red and numbered. Boxes represent known or putative canonical (solid-lined box) and non-canonical (broken-lined box) NGFI-A–binding sites according to McGowan et al. (2009).