Figure 5.

Brains were extracted from subjects, trained in the lever-press avoidance protocol with either the FL ITI-signal or no explicit ITI-signal (nFL), following a randomly assigned number of training sessions. Shown in (A) is the percentage of avoidance responses emitted from the rats on the day they were sacrificed. (B–D) provide the density of c-Fos labeling in the anterior cingulate (AC) cortex, prelimbic (PL) cortex, and infralimbic (IL) cortex, respectively, for those subjects depicted in (A). Behaviorally, the groups with a flashing light (FL) ITI-signal emitted more lever-press avoidance responses during sessions 1(†) and 4 (*) than the groups without an ITI-signal. Neurochemically, only the PL cortex exhibited significant differences between groups. Overall, the density of c-Fos labeling was significantly different between sessions 2 and 4, regardless of the ITI signal (‡).