Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Study | Country | Participants randomized (% female) | Eligible age range (mean) | Eligible weight range | Mean BMI (kg/m 2 ) (and weight (kg) at baseline) | Participant inclusion criteria | Participants completed (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appel et al. (19) | United States | 415 (63.6%) | Aged ≥21 (54.0) | Obese | 36.6 103.4 |
≥1 of: hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes | 355 (86%) |
| Bennett et al. (20) | United States | 365 (68.5%) | Aged ≥21 (54.5) | BMI 30–50kg/m2 but weight <180 kg | 37.0 100.1 |
On anti-hypertensive medication and ≥1 medical visit in 12 months prior to study, fluent in Spanish and English | 283 (76%) |
| Christian et al. (21) | United States | 310 (66.5%) | Aged 18–75 (53.2) | BMI of ≥25kg/m2 | 35.1 92.4 |
Latino/Hispanic ethnicity, diabetes type 2 and uninsured or eligible for/ with Medicaid | 273 (88%) |
| Cohen et al. (22) | United States | 30 (73.3%) | Aged 20–75 (59.5) | BMI > 27.8kg/m2 in males or 27.3kg/m2 in females | 34.1 91.8 |
Hypertensive | 30 (100%) |
| Jalkanen (23) | Finland | 50 (not clear) | Aged 35–39(49) | BMI of 27–34 kg/m2 | Not given 82.9 |
Diastolic BP ≥ 95 mmHg | 49 (98%) |
| Karvetti and Hakala (24) | Finland | 243 (not clear) | Aged 17–65 (48.5) | BMI of ≥27 kg/m2 | Not clear 92.6 |
189 (78%) | |
| Kumanyika et al. (25) | United States | 261 (84%) | Aged 18–70(47) | BMI 27–55kg/ m2 but weight <182 kg | 37.2 101.2 |
Patient at practice for ≥ 1 year or seen at the practice ≥2 times | 187 (72%) |
| Logue et al. (26) | United States | 665 (not clear) | Aged 40–69 (not clear) | BMI of ≥27kg/m2 or an elevated waist-hip ratio | Not clear | 579 (87%) | |
| Martin et al. (27) | United States | 144 (100%) | Aged 18–65 (41.8) | BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 | 38.9 102.0 |
Low income (<$16,000 pa), attendee at clinic for >1 year | 109 (76%) |
| Mayer-Davis et al. (28) | United States | 187 (not clear) | Aged ≥45 (60) | BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 | 36.7 97.3 |
Diagnosis of diabetes | 152 (81%) |
| Moore et al. (29) | United Kingdom | 843 (74%) | Aged 16–64 (48.6) | BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 | 36.9 100.5 |
565 (67%) | |
| Munsch et al. (30) | Switzerland | 70 (74%) | Not stated, (48.4) | BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 | 36.8 94.8 |
49 (70%) | |
| Rapoport et al. (31) | United Kingdom | 76 (100%) | Aged 18–65 (46.9) | BMI of ≥28 kg/m2 | 35.3 94.4 |
Not involved in any other method of weight management | 58 (76%) |
| Ross et al. (32) | United States | 490 (70%) | Adults (52.8) | BMI 27–39 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity | 32.3 90.2 |
396 (81%) at 24 months | |
| Wadden et al. (33) | United States | 390 (79.7%) | Aged ≥21 (51.6) | BMI of 30–50 kg/m2 | 38.5 107.7 |
≥2 of metabolic syndrome components | 12 months: 332 (85%) 24 months: 336 (86%) |