Deletion of TSC1 and activation of mTOR signaling in the pancreas of Neurog3-TSC1 −/− transgenic mice. The Neurog3-Tsc1−/− mice were generated by breeding Tsc1loxP/loxP mice with Neurog3-Cre mice. TSC1, phospho-S6 (pS6), and phospho-4EBP-1 in pancreatic tissue with tumor nodules were examined by Western blotting using specific antibodies. S6, 4EBP-1, and β-actin were used as loading controls. Shown are representative results from 6 experiments. Signal intensity of TSC1, pS6, p4EBP-1, and PCNA were analyzed and expressed as mean ± SEM. n = 6. *P < .05 versus wild-type mice.