Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants (N = 709)
| Characteristic | Operational Details | Baseline Value n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||
| Age in years, mean (±SD) | 78.3 (5.2) | |
| Female | 447 (63.1) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 643 (90.7) | |
| Living alone | 275 (38.8) | |
| Did not complete high school | 228 (32.2) | |
| Cognitive-Psychosocial | ||
| Cognitive impairment | Score on Folstein MMSEa< 24 | 77 (10.9) |
| High depressive symptoms | Score on CES-Db ≥ 16 | 134 (18.9) |
| Health Related | ||
| No. of chronic conditions ≥ 2c | 9 self-reported physician diagnoses | 370 (52.2) |
| Habitual | ||
| Overweight | BMI (kg/m2) ≥ 25 | 419 (59.1) |
| Physical Capacity | ||
| Physical frailty | >10 seconds on rapid gait test18 | 282 (39.8) |
| Hip (lower extremity) weakness | < 7.9kg (women) or < 12.6kg (men) | 243 (34.3) |
| Disability in Mobility Tasks | ||
| Walking a quarter mile | 143 (20.2) | |
| Climbing a flight of stairs | 47 (6.6) | |
| Lifting/carrying ten pounds | 135 (19.0) |
a
MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination
b
CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
c
Cut-point was defined on the basis of the frequency distributions in the analytic sample.