. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 3.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014 Nov 3;62(11):2142–2147. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13089

Table 2.

Associations of Restricting Back Pain and Subsequent Mobility Disability

	Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P-value
Primary Analysis (N = 709), Mobility Disability^a

Unadjusted	3.53 (3.13-3.97)	<0.001
Adjusted^b	3.23 (2.87-4.27)	<0.001

Secondary Analysis, Persistent Mobility Disability, Lasting 2+ Months (N = 709)^c

Unadjusted	3.91 (3.38-4.52)	<0.001
Adjusted	3.64 (3.15-4.20)	<0.001

Secondary Analysis, Excluding Participants with Baseline Mobility Disability (N = 496)^c

Unadjusted	3.98 (3.47-4.56)	<0.001
Adjusted	3.71 (3.22-4.28)	<0.001

Included all episodes regardless of duration.

Adjusted for age (in years), female sex, non white race, living alone status, less than high school education, depressive symptoms, overweight, physical frailty, cognitive impairment, ≥ 2 chronic conditions, hip weakness. Additional details are provided in the text and Table 1.

Analytic samples are described in the text.