Table 1.
Demographics, olfactory raw scores, and % hyposmic
| IPD | LRRK2 PD | Control | NMC | NC-F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (n) | 126 | 126 | 35 | 125 | 106 |
| US site | 48 | 69 | 35 | 47 | 32 |
| Israel | 78 | 57 | 78 | 74 |
| Demographic | IPD vs. LRRK2 PD (P value) | NMC vs. NC-F | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 64.3 ± 11.4 | 67.4 ± 9.3 | 69.4 ± 10.6 | 0.02 | 52.6 ± 15.1 | 50.7 ± 16.4 | 0.22 |
| Gender (% women) | 38.1 | 44.4 | 74.3 | 0.31 | 55.2 | 50.0 | 0.43 |
| Disease duration (years) | 4.8 ± 5.4 | 8.4 ± 6.9 | <0.001 | ||||
| UPDRS-III | 19.2 ± 11.3 | 22.0 ± 12.4 | 1.9 ± 3.3 | 0.06 | 3.0 ± 5.0 | 2.2 ± 3.2 | 0.37 |
| MoCA | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.4 ± 3.0 | 26.3 ± 2.9 | 0.97 | 26.5 ± 2.6 | 26.4 ± 2.7 | 0.56 |
| Smoking ever (%) | 34.8 | 51.2 | 54.3 | 0.01 | 38.5 | 36.4 | 0.74 |
| Current smoker (%) | 3.2 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 0.15 | 9.6 | 11.3 | 0.67 |
| UPSIT | 18.6 ± 7.1 | 22.8 ± 8.7 | 33.1 ± 5.7 | <0.001 | 32.7 ± 5.3 | 31.8 ± 5.3 | 0.08 |
| Hyposmic (%)1 | 80.2 | 54.8 | 11.4 | <0.001 | 28.8 | 36.8 | 0.21 |
IPD, Idiopathic PD, no LRRK2 G2019S or GBA mutation; LRRK2 PD, Manifesting Carrier; NMC, nonmanifesting carrier; NC-F, noncarrier family member; US, United States site; FDR, first-degree relative; UPDRS, Universal Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; UPSIT, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.
1
Hyposmic defined as 15th percentile or less for age and gender.