Table 1.
Demographics, polysomnographic, and RSWA characteristics of the sample
| Men | Women | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age | 49.5 ± 18.2 | 53.3 ± 16.8 | 0.36 |
| ESS | 8.47 ± 5.2 | 10.5 ± 5.1 | 0.25 |
| Beta-blocker use, n (%) | 6 (24) | 4 (16) | 0.73 |
| Reason for visit | |||
| Snoring/SDB, n (%) | 21 (84) | 17 (68) | 0.32 |
| Insomnia/EDS, n (%) | 4 (16) | 8 (32) | 0.32 |
| PSG variables | |||
| AHI | 3.6 ± 4.0 | 2.2 ± 2.9 | 0.34 |
| REM AHI | 3.1 ± 2.9 | 3.2 ± 3.4 | 0.81 |
| REM time (min) | 62.2 ± 20.4 | 60.1 ± 22.0 | 0.79 |
| % ME excluded | 6.3 ± 4.0 | 6.8 ± 4.4 | 0.67 |
| No. ME analyzed | 1170.8 ± 396 | 1118.1 ± 410 | 0.55 |
| Hypoxic time (min) | 2.7 ± 7.5 | 3.1 ± 9.3 | 0.16 |
| SE (%) | 77.5 ± 12.7 | 63.1 ± 30.9 | 0.17 |
| TST (min) | 313.7 ± 87.5 | 307.2 ± 123.2 | 0.75 |
| ISL (min) | 17.9 ± 12.2 | 32.2 ± 36.6 | 0.32 |
| IRL (min) | 82.7 ± 50.2 | 117 ± 61.8 | 0.02 |
| Wake after sleep onset (min) | 62.6 ± 50.2 | 69.0 ± 46.7 | 0.52 |
| REM % | 17.9 ± 6.0 | 19.3 ± 6.2 | 0.60 |
| N1% | 8.9 ± 4.6 | 8.3 ± 4.4 | 0.62 |
| N2% | 51.7 ± 9.1 | 51.4 ± 12.3 | 0.59 |
| N3% | 21.5 ± 10.7 | 21.0 ± 9.2 | 0.62 |
| PLMI | 10.0 ± 11.9 | 11.2 ± 14.3 | 0.73 |
| PLMAI | 2.7 ± 3.7 | 2.7 ± 4.7 | 0.69 |
| RDI | 5.6 ± 4.9 | 3.6 ± 2.8 | 0.26 |
| Muscle combination | |||
| SM + AT phasic % | 17.2 ± 7.7 | 12.1 ± 8.2 | 0.002* |
| Single muscles | |||
| SM phasic % | 4.1 ± 2.4 | 6.4 ± 4.3 | 0.04 |
| AT phasic % | 14.5 ± 8.1 | 6.2 ± 6.9 | <0.0001* |
| SM tonic % | 0.06 ± 0.19 | 0 | 0.15 |
| RAI | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 0.94 ± 0.04 | 0.31 |
| SM duration (sec) | 0.51 ± 0.23 | 0.41 ± 0.10 | 0.11 |
| AT duration (sec) | 0.50 ± 0.28 | 0.49 ± 0.28 | 0.71 |
RSWA, REM sleep without atonia; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score; SDB, sleep-disordered breathing; EDS, excessive daytime sleepiness; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; ME, 3-sec mini-epochs; hypoxic time, mins spent O2 saturation <90%; SE, sleep efficiency; TST, total sleep time; ISL, initial sleep latency; IRL, initial REM latency; PLMI, periodic limb movement index; PLMAI, periodic limb movement arousal index; RDI, respiratory disturbance index; SM, submentalis muscle; AT, anterior tibialis muscle; RAI, REM atonia index.
*
Indicates statistically significant at P < 0.01.