Table 1.

Expanded Disability Status Scale

EDSS score	Description
0.0	Normal neurological exam
1.0	No disability, minimal signs on 1 FS
1.5	No disability, minimal signs on 2 of 7 FS
2.0	Minimal disability in 1 of 7 FS
2.5	Minimal disability in 2 FS
3.0	Moderate disability in 1 FS; or mild disability in 3–4 FS, though fully ambulatory
3.5	Fully ambulatory but with moderate disability in 1 FS; mild disability in 1 or 2 FS; moderate disability in 2 FS; or mild disability in 5 FS
4.0	Fully ambulatory without aid, up and about 12 h a day despite relatively severe disability; able to walk without aid 500 m
4.5	Fully ambulatory without aid; up and about much of the day; able to work a full day; may otherwise have some limitations of full activity or require minimal assistance; relatively severe disability; able to walk without aid 300 m
5.0	Ambulatory without aid for about 200 m; disability impairs full daily activities
5.5	Ambulatory for 100 m; disability precludes full daily activities
6.0	Intermittent or unilateral constant assistance (cane, crutch, or brace) required to walk 100 m with or without resting
6.5	Constant bilateral support (cane, crutch, or braces) required to walk 20 m without resting
7.0	Unable to walk beyond 5 m even with aid, essentially restricted to wheelchair, wheels self, transfers alone; active in wheelchair about 12 h a day
7.5	Unable to take more than a few steps; restricted to wheelchair; may need aid to transfer; wheels self, but may require motorized chair for full day
8.0	Essentially restricted to bed, chair, or wheelchair, but may be out of bed much of day; retains self-care functions; generally effective use of arms
8.5	Essentially restricted to bed much of day; some effective use of arms; retains some self-care functions
9.0	Helpless bed patient; can communicate and eat
9.5	Unable to communicate effectively or eat/swallow
10.0	Death due to MS

EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; FS, functional scale(s); MS, multiple sclerosis.

Source: Kurtzke.26