Table 1.
Comparison of popular methods for modeling of different animals of DR
| Animal | NPDR | PDR | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse | 1) STZ injection41–45 2) Alloxan injection46 |
Galactose-fed46 | Transgenic/Gene mutated mice: Akita mice;58 NOD mice;72 db/db mice;59 KKAy mice60 | OIR55 | Transgenic/Gene mutated mice: Kimba mice;74 Akimba mice61 |
| Rat | 1) STZ injection75 2) Alloxan injection51 |
Galactose-fed70 | Gene/Substrain modified rats: BB rats;73 ZDF rats;76 OLETF rats;77 GK rats;78 SDT rats79 | OIR56 | Gene/Substrain modified rats:WBN/Kob rats80 |
| Large animals (rabbits, cats, dogs, pigs, monkeys) | 1) STZ injection: rabbits;81 dogs;82 pigs;83 monkeys54 2) Alloxan injection: pigs84 |
Galactose-fed: dogs71 | Others: 1) VEGF intravitreal delivery: monkeys57 2) Pancreatectomy: cats;47 pigs;53 monkeys54 3) Spontaneous obese monkeys85 |
VEGF intravitreal delivery: rabbits57 | |
| Zebrafish | STZ injection63 | Glucose-fed52 | Transgenic/Gene mutation: vhl−/− zebrafish62 | HIR64 | |
| In vitro culture | In vitro culture of endothelial cells86 | Ex vivo retinal culture87,88 |
Abbreviations: DR, diabetic retinopathy; GK, Goto-Kakizaki; HIR, hypoxia-induced retinopathy; NOD, nonobese diabetic; NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; OIR, oxygen-induced retinopathy; OLETF, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; SDT, spontaneously diabetic Torii; STZ, streptozotocin; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; WBN/Kob, Wistar Bonn/Kobori; ZDF, Zucker diabetic fatty.