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. 2014 Sep 23;4(20):3887–3900. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1249

Table 1.

Evidence that selection affects codon usage bias in humans. Before (After) controlling for potential CpG mis-polarization.

Polymorphic Fixed1 P (Fixed) Chisq P Chisq/N
Exons
 Preferred→unpreferred 10,249 (10,249) 7729 (7729) 0.43 (0.43)
 Unpreferred→preferred 3957 (2859) 3731 (2487) 0.49 (0.47) 66.62 (20.71) 10−15 (10−5) 2.60 (0.89)
Intron
 Preferred→unpreferred 690,248 (690,248) 366,993 (366,993) 0.35 (0.35)
 Unpreferred→preferred 609,530 (521,822) 345,218 (285,076) 0.36 (0.35) 458.46 (76.7) 10−15 (10−15) 0.23 (0.04)
1

Polarized by comparison of human segregating sites to chimpanzee + gorilla genomes.