Table 1.
Use of ex vivo human mucosal tissue to evaluate HIV-1 topical microbicides and antibodies using non-polarized and polarized models
| Model | Tissue type | Drug (formulation) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-polarized tissue | Cervix | PRO 2000, UC781, PPCM, PMPA, dapivirine | [13, 63–65, 72] |
| Cervix | nAb, B12 & CD4-IgG2 | [17] | |
| Cervix | Cellulose acetate phthalate gel | [69] | |
| Cervix | Griffithsin | [62, 70] | |
| Vaginal sheets | Cellulose sulfate gel, T20 | [61] | |
| Penile | Cyanovirin-N & PRO 2000 | [59] | |
| Colorectal | UC781, Dapivirine, PMPA, emtricitabine | [67••, 68] | |
| Colorectal | L’644, C34, T20, T1249 | [66] | |
| Tonsil | AOP-RANTES, Cellulose acetate phthalate gel, acyclovir, tenofovir |
[71, 73•, 74] | |
| Polarized tissue | Cervix | RC-101 (aqueous gel & film) | [79, 82] |
| Cervix | Tenofovir/UC781 combination (aqueous gel) | [76] | |
| Cervix | Tenofovir & emtricitabine (subliming solid matrices) | [84••] | |
| Cervix | Dapivirine (Film) | [83] | |
| Cervix/colorectal | Cellulose acetate phthalate, Carraguard™, D2A21, PRO 2000, UC781, VivaGel™ (aqueous gels) |
[21, 24] | |
| Cervix/Colorectal | IQP-0528 & IQP-0528/tenofovir combination (aqueous gels) | [75, 78] | |
| Cervix/Colorectal | Tenofovir (aqueous gel & reformulated aqueous gel) | [77, 80] | |
| Colorectal | Rectal-specific placebos (gels) | [81•] | |
| Ex vivo challenge–non-polarized | Colorectal biopsies | UC781 gel–rectal use | [95••] |
| Colorectal biopsies | Tenofovir 1 % gel–rectal use | [85] |