Table 1.
Prevalence of Tourette Syndrome in the Pediatric Population in Studies Conducted between 2000-2012
| Author/ Year |
N | Age | Country | Source of Sample |
Diagnostic Assessment |
Diagnostic Criteria |
# of cases |
Prevalence (per 1000) |
95% CI (per 1000)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kadesjo & Gillberg, 2000 | 435 | 10-11 | Sweden | Birth cohort | In person interview with parent, child & teacher | DSM-IV | 5 | 11 | 4-27 |
| Kurlan et al., 2001 | 1255 | 8.5-17.5 | United States | Randomly Selected Schools | In person structured interview with parent & child | DSM-IVb | 48 | 38c | 28.5 – 49.9b,c |
| Peterson et al., 2001 | 776 | 9-20 | United State | Community cohort | In person structured interview with parent & child | DSM-III | 2 | 2.6 | 0-6.2 |
| Hornsey et al., 2001 | 918 | 13-14 | England | Six Schools – single mainstream class | In person structured interview with parent & child | DSM-III-R | 7 | 7.6 | 2-13.2 |
| Khalifa & von Knorring, 2003 | 4479 | 7-15 | Sweden | Community; all available in township | In person structured interview with parent & child | DSM-IV | 25 | 5.6 | 3.4-7.7 |
| Wang & Kuo, 2003 | 2000 | 6-12 | Taiwan | School | In person structured interview with parent & child | Tourette Syndrome Study Group | 11 | 5.5 | 2.3-8.7 |
| Jin et al., 2005 | 9742 | 7-16 | China | Community | In person interview parent& child | Chinese Diagnostic Standard for Psychiatric Disorders (3rd edition) | 42 | 4.3 | 3.0-5.6 |
| Scahill et al., 2006 e | 910 | 6-12 | United State | Community | In person structured parent interview | DSM-IV | 3 | 3.3 | 0 –7 |
| Stefanoff et al., 2008 | 1579 | 12-15 | Poland | School | In person interview parent & child | ICD-10 | 9 | 5.7 | 2.0-9.4 |
| Cubo et al., 2011 | 741 | 5-17 | Spain | Regional community sample | Semi-structured interview via telephone | DSM-IV | 27 | 36.4 | 22.9-49.8b,d |
| Kraft et al. (2012) | 5974 | 9-15 | Denmark | Birth cohort | Structured parent interview via telephone | DSM-IV | 33 | 5.5 | 3.7-7.3 |
a
= Calculated from reported prevalence data and sample size 95% CI = estimate ± 1.96 X square root of pq/n (where p=prevalence, q=1-p, n= sample size)
b
= did not use the “impairment” criterion
c
=Regular Education classes, and additional 24 cases were identified from Special Education classes
d
= Regular Education classes, and additional 7 cases were identified from Special Education classes
e
=screening was for behavioral problems, not tics specifically
A similar table appeared in Tourette Syndrome, D. Martino and JF Leckman (eds); Oxford, New York, 2013