Table 1.
Peter wusste, dass… | |
Peter knew that… | |
EMB-S | |
der Schriftsteller, [der mit Uwe lebte], Andreas erkannt hatte. | |
the writer(Masc. Nom.), [who with Uwe lived], Andreas(Acc.) recognized had. | |
the writer, who lived with Uwe, had recognized Andreas. | |
EMB-O | |
den Schriftsteller, [der mit Uwe lebte], Andreas erkannt hatte. | |
the writer(Masc. Acc.), [who with Uwe lived], Andreas(Nom.) recognized had. | |
Andreas had recognized the writer who lived with Uwe. | |
NonEMB-S | |
der Dirigent die kleine Sarah und Anna besucht hatte. | |
the conductor(Masc. Nom.) the(Fem. Acc.) little Sarah and Anna visited had. | |
the conductor had visited the little Sarah and Anna. | |
NonEMB-O | |
den Dirigenten die kleine Sarah und Anna besucht hatte. | |
the conductor(Masc. Acc.) the(Fem. Nom.) little Sarah and Anna visited had. | |
the little Sarah and Anna had visited the conductor. |
Every sentence started with “Peter wusste, dass (Peter knew that)”. Stimulus examples for each condition are displayed above in German with a word-by-word translation in English underneath. Embedded structures for EMB-S and EMB-O are bracketed. EMB-S = Center-embedded structure, Subject first; EMB-O = Center-embedded structure, Object first; NonEMB-S = Nonembedded structure, Subject first; NonEMB-O = Nonembedded structure, Object first; Masc. = Masculine gender; Fem. = Feminine gender; Nom. = Nominative; Acc. = Accusative. (from Jeon and Friederici, 2013).