Figure 6.

Cellular activity analysis of TiO₂ nanotubes.

Notes: (A) Cell viability test results by LDH assay for 1 and 4 days on the samples (n=4). At Day 1, the LDH activity of all the samples were similar. After 4 days, the TiNT and AgO-deposited samples showed a higher LDH activity, which means increased cytotoxicity to MC3T3 cells. (B) Cell proliferation determined by DNA amount after MC3T3 cells were cultured for 1 and 4 days on the samples (n=4). The DNA amount of TiNT was about half of Ti samples on Day 1 and Day 4, which indicated that cell proliferation of TiNT samples is about 50% less than that of Ti samples. AgO-deposited samples showed much lower cell proliferation than that of Ti samples on Day 1 and 4. AgO nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity for MC3T3 cells at relatively low Ag release. The statistical significance was calculated by ANOVA test. (**P<0.01 and *P<0.05). Ag30s, 60s, or 90s refer to treatment with an Ag electroplating time of 30, 60, or 90 seconds, respectively.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; TiNT, TiO₂ nanotubes.