Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2014 Nov 25;8:366. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00366

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2014 Kane.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Schematic representation of the link between glycolysis and lactate oxidation at the mitochondria outlined in this Perspective. Overall, glycolysis yields pyruvate and NADH, in addition to ATP. NAD⁺ can be regenerated for glycolysis by the reduction of pyruvate to lactate (LAC) by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). LAC can diffuse to the mitochondria where it is oxidized to pyruvate by LDH. NAD⁺ is regenerated by extra-matrix malate dehydrogenase (MDH) of the malate-aspartate shuttle. Pyruvate is subsequently transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, where it is then oxidized by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to acetyl CoA. Abbreviations: α-KG, alpha-ketoglutarate; Glu, glutamate; AAT, aspartate-aminotransferase; OAA, oxaloacetate; Mal, malate.