Table 1.
List of localities of Macaronesian endemics used in the present study
| No. | Locality | Coordinates | Altitude (m) |
| 1 | Tenerife: Cañadas del Teide, rock crevices in Valle de Chiñoque, north of El Sanatorio | 28°14′ 20′′N 16°36′10′′W | 2180 |
| 2 | Tenerife: Cañadas del Teide, rock crevices and volcanic sands east‐south‐east of Parador Nacional de las Cañadas hotel | 28°13′20′′N 16°37′10′′W | 2180 |
| 3 | Tenerife: Cañadas del Teide, rock crevices along hiking trail west of Colmenar hill | 28°15′50′′N 16°33′10′′W | 2060 |
| 4 | Tenerife: Cañadas del Teide, El Portillo, volcanic sands along hiking trail near Montaña de las Arenas Negras hill | 28°17′40′′N 16°33′40′′W | 2000 |
| 5 | Tenerife: Cañadas del Teide, Riscos de la Fortalesa, rock crevices at the top of the mountain | 28°18′50′′N 16°35′50′′W | ∼2150 |
| 6 | Tenerife: Pinus canariensis forest along the road approx. 1 km south of Miradores de la Cumbre, near Montaña Avosa hill | 28°21′50′′N 16°28′00′′W | 1970 |
| 7 | Tenerife: Margarita de Piedra, rock crevices in Barranco de la Zarza | 28°20′30′′N 16°31′30′′W | 1420 |
| 8 | Tenerife: Aquamansa, Fayal‐brezal community along the road approx. 1 km south‐west of the village | 28°21′30′′N 16°30′30′′W | 1160 |
| 9 | Tenerife: Los Pinos, wall next to road in the village | 28°22′50′′N 16°30′50′′W | 520 |
| 10 | Tenerife: Anaga, Casa Carlos, rock crevices in laurel forest along the road near Pico del Ingles hill | 28°31′50′′N 16°15′30′′W | 940 |
| 11 | Tenerife: Anaga, Lomo de Las Bodegas village, laurel forest near Chinobre hill | 28°33′20′′N 16°10′50′′W | 770 |
| 12 | Tenerife: Anaga, Chamorga village, rock crevices in Barranco de Roque Bermejo and laurel forest fragments north‐east of the village, near Montaña Tafada hill | 28°34′N 16°09′W | 0–600 |
| 13 | Tenerife: Anaga, Taganana village, rock crevices in Roque de Enmedio | 28°34′00′′N 16°12′40′′W | 330 |
| 14 | Tenerife: Valle de Güímar, succulent community (cardonal) north of Puerto de Güímar | 28°18′00′′N 16°22′20′′W | 30 |
| 15 | Tenerife: Güímar, Pájara village, rock crevices in Ladera de Güímar | 28°17′30′′N 16°25′30′′W | 840 |
| 16 | Tenerife: Teno, Masca village, rock crevices in Barranco de Masca | 28°17′30′′N 16°51′W | 0–600 |
| 17 | Tenerife: Teno, Las Portelas village, rock crevices along the road near La Tabaiba | 28°19′30′′N 16°51′10′′W | ∼650 |
| 18 | Tenerife: Teno, rock crevices in Roque El Fraile | 28°21′40′′N 16°53′40′′W | 220 |
| 19 | Tenerife: Teno, succulent community (cardonal) near Punta de Teno | 28°20′40′′N 16°55′00′′W | 40 |
| 20 | Tenerife: Vilaflor, Pinus canariensis forest along the road approx. 5 km north of the town | 28°10′40′′N 16°38′40′′W | 1880 |
| 21 | Tenerife: Frontón de San Miguel, succulent community (tabaibal) in valley near the village | 28°06′40′′N 16°36′50′′W | 730 |
| 22 | Tenerife: Adeje, rock crevices in Barranco del Infierno | 28°08′10′′N 16°42′30′′W | 490 |
| 23 | La Palma: Caldera de Taburiente, rock crevices near Mirador de los Andenes | 28°45′40′′N 17°52′00′′W | 2330 |
| 24 | La Palma: forest along the road approx. 1 km north‐west of Tagoja hill (north‐west of Santa Cruz de la Palma city) | 28°43′20′′N 17°47′10′′W | 1110 |
| 25 | La Palma: Caldera de Taburiente, sandy areas approx. 1·5 km north‐north‐west of the Centro de Visitantes | 28°40′00′′N 17°51′20′′W | 950 |
| 26 | La Palma: Caldera de Taburiente, sandy areas along the road approx. 0·5 km south‐east of the Mirador de la Cumbrecita | 28°41′40′′N 17°51′10′′W | 1210 |
| 27 | La Palma: Jedey village, sandy areas along the road SSE of the village | 28°34′50′′N 17°52′40′′W | 700 |
| 28 | La Palma: Caldera de Taburiente, leg. Hanneken (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | – |
| 29 | Gran Canaria: Ayacata, basalt, leg. Royl (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | 1330 |
| 30 | Gran Canaria: Moya, Barranco del Laurel, leg. Royl (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | 600 |
| 31 | Gran Canaria: Montana de Arucas, north‐coast, leg. Royl (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | 400 |
| 32 | Gran Canaria: Maspalomas, silicate, leg. Royl (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | – |
| 33 | Fuerteventura (Bot. Garden Berlin, orig. seeds from Bot. Garden Erlangen) | – | – |
| 34 | Lanzarote: Famara, basalt, leg. Royl (Bot. Garden Berlin) | – | 300 |