. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 25.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2013 Dec 19;86(3):514–523. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.12.009

Table 2.

Stability of gemcitabine and gemcitabine prodrugs in pH 7.4 Buffer and biological media (mean ± SD, n = 3).

Prodrug	SGF t_1/2 (min)	SIF (pH 6.5) t_1/2 (min)	Buffer pH 7.4 t_1/2 (min)	Caco-2 cell homogenates t_1/2 (min)	Human liver microsome t_1/2 (min)	Thymidine phosphorylase t_1/2 (min)	AsPC-1 cell homogenates t_1/2 (min)
Gemcitabine	>120	>120	>120	105.0 ± 6.1	45.3 ± 3.3	6.0 ± 1.8	33.7 ± 14.5
5′-L-Phenylalanyl-gemcitabine	>120	>120	>120	2.0 ± 0.3	1.8 ± 0.2	31.9 ± 5.0	6.8 ± 2.0
5′-D-Phenylalanyl-gemcitabine	>120	>120	>120	21.7 ± 0.2	6.6 ± 1.3	>120	63.9 ± 11.2
5′-L-Valyl-gemcitabine	>120	>120	>120	19.5 ± 1.9	27.8 ± 13.6	>120	13.8 ± 3.3
5′-D-Valyl-gemcitabine	>120	>120	>120	42.0 ± 17.5	19.5 ± 4.4	>120	87.2 ± 13.5