Table 1.
Baseline and clinical characteristics of PTU and MMI/CBM users
| Characteristic | PTU (n = 24 941) | MMI/CBM (n = 46 438) | Standardized difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (years) | |||
| <65 | 22 930 (91.9%) | 42 637 (91.8%) | 0.004 |
| ≥65 | 2011 (8.1%) | 3801 (8.2%) | |
| Female gender | 20 378 (81.7%) | 35 617 (76.7%) | 0.12 |
| Pregnancy | 1105 (4.4%) | 624 (1.3%) | 0.20 |
| Medical comorbidities | |||
| History of hyperthyroidism | 2143 (8.6%) | 3867 (8.3%) | 0.01 |
| Thyrotoxic storm | 1426 (5.7%) | 2899 (6.2%) | 0.02 |
| Heart failure | 803 (3.2%) | 1346 (2.9%) | 0.02 |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 170 (0.7%) | 250 (0.5%) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes | 2014 (8.1%) | 4018 (8.7%) | 0.02 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 1677 (6.7%) | 3425 (7.4%) | 0.03 |
| Underlying liver diseases* | |||
| In hepatitis outcome | 1364 (5.5%) | 2305 (5.0%) | 0.02 |
| In acute liver failure outcome | 1366 (5.5%) | 2316 (5.0%) | 0.02 |
| In cholestasis outcome | 1368 (5.5%) | 2318 (5.0%) | 0.02 |
| In liver transplant outcome | 1370 (5.5%) | 2319 (5.0%) | 0.02 |
| Hepatotoxic comedications | |||
| Antimicrobial agents | 1684 (6.8%) | 2838 (6.1%) | 0.03 |
| Non-opioid analgesics | 9252 (37.1%) | 17 107 (36.8%) | 0.005 |
| Neurological drugs | 1378 (5.5%) | 2461 (5.3%) | 0.01 |
| Other hepatotoxic drugs | 1920 (7.7%) | 3578 (7.7%) | <0.001 |
| Chinese herbs | 1832 (7.4%) | 3343 (7.2%) | 0.006 |
CBM, carbimazole; MMI, methimazole; PTU, propylthiouracil.
*
Any diagnosis of underlying liver diseases was recorded during follow-up for the outcomes of hepatitis, acute liver failures, cholestasis and liver transplant, respectively.