Table 1.
Weighted Individual-Level Descriptive Statistics by ESL Placement
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| ESL Placement | ||||||
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| Total | ESL | No ESL | ||||
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| N=2352 | N=493 | N=1859 | ||||
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| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| ESL Placement | 0.23 | 1.00 | ||||
| Language-Based ESL Coursework | 0.18 | 0.77 | ||||
| Bilingual/SDAIE Content Area Coursework | 0.08 | 0.36 | ||||
| School Report of ESL Placement | 0.04 | 0.17 | ||||
| College Preparatory Enrollment | ||||||
| Math | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.33 | |||
| Science | 0.39 | 0.27 | 0.43 | |||
| Social Science Honors | 0.20 | 0.09 | 0.24 | |||
| Academic Achievement | ||||||
| Cumulative GPA (0–4) | 2.46 | 0.81 | 2.31 | 0.81 | 2.50 | 0.80 |
| 12th Grade Math IRT | 43.06 | 16.58 | 37.83 | 16.22 | 44.47 | 16.29 |
| Individual/Family | ||||||
| Black | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.06 | |||
| Mexican | 0.43 | 0.53 | 0.40 | |||
| Non-Mexican Latino | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.16 | |||
| Chinese | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |||
| Filipino | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |||
| Japanese | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Korean | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||
| South Asian | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||
| Southeast Asian | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | |||
| Native American | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.02 | |||
| Multiracial | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | |||
| Parents’ Education (0–4) | 1.71 | 1.36 | 1.50 | 1.34 | 1.77 | 1.34 |
| Income (0–4) | 1.68 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 1.08 | 1.81 | 1.26 |
| Number of Family Resources (0–9) | 4.59 | 3.01 | 3.36 | 2.96 | 4.96 | 2.92 |
| Parent’s Saving for College | 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.40 | |||
| Female | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.51 | |||
| Intact Family Structure | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.63 | |||
| First Generation | ||||||
| Arrived in U.S. 5 or Fewer Years Prior | 0.15 | 0.46 | 0.05 | |||
| Arrived in U.S. 6 or More Years Prior | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.26 | |||
| Second Generation | 0.36 | 0.20 | 0.41 | |||
| Third Generation | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.15 | |||
| Placed in 6th Grade or Higher Upon U.S. Arrival | 0.17 | 0.55 | 0.06 | |||
| Age | ||||||
| Oldest Quartile | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.27 | |||
| Third Quartile | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.22 | |||
| Second Quartile | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.21 | |||
| Youngest Quartile | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.29 | |||
| College Aspirations (1–5) | 4.54 | 0.91 | 4.51 | 1.00 | 4.55 | 0.89 |
| Language | ||||||
| Student Reported English Ability (1–4) | 3.55 | 0.60 | 3.06 | 0.67 | 3.68 | 0.50 |
| Student’s Use of Native Language (1–4) | 2.80 | 0.84 | 3.31 | 0.70 | 2.67 | 0.82 |
| Parent Speaks Language other than English at Home | 0.78 | 0.93 | 0.73 | |||
| Parent Questionnaire in Spanish | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.07 | |||
| Parental Involvement | ||||||
| Parent Contacted School: Student’s Performance (1–4) | 1.45 | 0.74 | 1.48 | 0.76 | 1.44 | 0.74 |
| Parent Contacted School: Student’s Course Taking (1–4) | 1.24 | 0.54 | 1.18 | 0.54 | 1.26 | 0.54 |
| Parent Advice about School (1–3) | 2.07 | 0.59 | 2.00 | 0.57 | 2.09 | 0.60 |
| Parent Has Rules about GPA | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.84 | |||
| Prior Achievement | ||||||
| Retained before 9th Grade | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.15 | |||
| 9th Grade High Math | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.65 | |||
| 9th Grade GPA (0–4) | 2.50 | 0.86 | 2.41 | 0.86 | 2.52 | 0.86 |
| 10th Grade Reading IRT | 24.36 | 9.83 | 19.33 | 7.02 | 25.89 | 9.76 |
| Base Year Test Accommodations | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |||
| Characteristics of Schools Attended | ||||||
| Public | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.85 | |||
| Urban | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.43 | |||
| Suburban | 0.49 | 0.44 | 0.50 | |||
| Northeast | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.17 | |||
| Midwest | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.16 | |||
| South | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.28 | |||
| West | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.39 | |||
| Student Teacher Ratio | 19.55 | 5.97 | 20.20 | 3.95 | 19.35 | 6.45 |
| Average Learning Hindrances (1–4) | 1.82 | 0.60 | 1.88 | 0.56 | 1.81 | 0.61 |
| Percent LEP | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.12 |
| Proportion Minority | 0.57 | 0.29 | 0.61 | 0.26 | 0.55 | 0.29 |
| Proportion Asian | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.17 |
| Proportion Immigrant | 0.46 | 0.28 | 0.51 | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.28 |
| Proportion Receive Free Lunch | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.28 |
| Proportion Special Education | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.08 |
| School Offers ESL | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.74 | |||
Source: ELS Base Year and First Follow-Up Transcript Component