Experiment 1: r-s-Model Categories and Observed Choice Frequencies (first-repetition trials)
r-s-model category	r-s-model category meaning	N
1	Fluency-homogenous FH case, correct judgment	699
2	Fluency-homogenous FH case, false judgment	355
3	Neither recognized (guess), correct judgment	64
4	Neither recognized (guess), false judgment	55
5	One recognized, adherence to RH, correct judgment	756
6	One recognized, adherence to RH, false judgment	231
7	One recognized, non-adherence to RH, false judgment	69
8	One recognized, non-adherence to RH, correct judgment	38
9	Fluency-heterogeneous FH case, adherence to FH, correct judgment	1113
10	Fluency-heterogeneous FH case, adherence to FH, false judgment	425
11	Fluency-heterogeneous FH case, non-adherence to FH, false judgment	388
12	Fluency-heterogeneous FH case, non-adherence to FH, correct judgment	607

Parameter	Psychological Meaning	Estimate (SE)
a	recognition validity	.75 (.01)
b1	knowledge validity, fluency-homogenous FH cases	.66 (.01)
b2	knowledge validity, fluency-heterogeneous FH cases	.69 (.01)
b3	knowledge validity, RH cases	.681
c	fluency validity	.59 (.01)
g	correct guessing (neither object is recognized)	.54 (.05)
p	proportion of fluency-homogenous FH cases	.29 (.01)
r	RH-use (considering the recognition cue in isolation)	.76 (.02)
s	FH-use (considering retrieval speed in isolation)	.15 (.02)

Note: RH = recognition heuristic; FH = fluency heuristic

¹This number is derived analytically from b₃ = p × b₁ + (1 − p) × b₂ and is thus reported without a standard error.