Treatment with rifaximin prevents AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis in PXR-humanized mice. (A) Survival rate of PXR-humanized (hPXR), wild-type (WT), and Pxr-null mice with rifaximin treatment in the AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis model (n = 11 per group). **P < 0.01. N.S., not significant. (B) Tumor numbers in hPXR, WT, and Pxr-null mice without rifaximin treatment in AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis. (C) Tumor number in hPXR, WT, and Pxr-null mice with rifaximin treatment in AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer. **P < 0.01.