Table 1.

Baseline characteristics^*

Patient characteristics:
Males	52 (67.5%)
Females	25 (32.5%)
Age (years)	58.7 ± 1.4
Co-morbidities:
NIDDM	23 (29.9%)
CAD	10 (13.0%)
PVD	1 (1.3%)
HTN	55 (71.4%)
HL	59 (76.6%)
CKD	1 (1.3%)
Current smoker	22 (28.6%)
Former smoker	32 (41.6%)
5+ drinks/day	4 (5.2%)
Current drug use	0 (0.0%)
Current medications:
1 antiplatelet	24 (31.2%)
2 antiplatelets	31 (40.3%)
1 antiplatelet/1 anticoagulant	6 (7.8%)
2 antiplatelets/1 anticoagulant	4 (5.2%)
Anticoagulant only	4 (5.2%)
None	5 (6.5%)
Other/unknown	3 (3.9%)
Angiography:**
Complete L ICA occlusion	32 (41.6%)
Complete R ICA occlusion	45 (58.4%)

^*Data are represented either as mean (percentage) or mean ± SEM.

Abbreviations: ASA = Aspirin; CAD = Coronary Artery Disease; CKD = Chronic Kidney Disease; HL = Hyperlipidemia; HTN = Hypertension; ICA = Internal Carotid Artery; NIDDM = Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; PVD = Peripheral Vascular Disease

^**no patients had contralateral carotid stenosis greater than 50% or vertebrobasilar stenosis or occlusion