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. 2014 Nov 26;9(11):e113073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113073

Table 1. Classification of ERCP-Related Perforations [19].

Type Definition
1 Lateral or medial duodenal wall perforation (endoscope related)
2 Periampullary perforations (sphincterotomy related)
3 Ductal and duodenal perforations due to endoscopic instruments (not guide-wire)
4 Presence of retroperitoneal air due to guide-wire