Table 1. Baseline characteristics of pregnant women and neonates according to the number of prenatal care visits*.
| The number of prenatal care visits | P-value | ||||
| Characteristics | ≤5 | 6–8 | 9–10 | >10 | |
| No. | 7552(23.6%) | 9904(38.9%) | 8138(25.4%) | 6458(20.1%) | |
| Maternal age (y) | 25.95±3.46 | 25.67±3.23 | 25.31±2.98 | 25.04±2.80 | <0.0001 |
| BMI at the first pregnancy visit (kg/m2) | 21.21±2.97 | 20.48±2.64 | 20.21±2.43 | 20.11±2.35 | <0.0001 |
| Gestational weight gain (kg/week) | 0.54±0.23 | 0.54±0.18 | 0.53±0.17 | 0.52±0.15 | <0.0001 |
| Gestational age (completed week) | 39(38–40) | 39(38–40) | 39(39–40) | 40(39–41) | <0.0001 |
| Initiation of prenatal care (week) | 12(10–20) | 11(9–13) | 10(9–12) | 10(8–12) | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 4000(53.0%) | 5162(52.1%) | 4169(51.2%) | 3188(49.4%) | 0.0002 |
| Pregnancy-induced hypertensiona | 149(2.0%) | 230(2.4%) | 152(1.9%) | 141(2.2%) | 0.1525 |
| Maternal jobb | <0.0001 | ||||
| Intellectuals | 672(10.9%) | 1118(13.3%) | 1056(14.9%) | 702(12.3%) | |
| Workers | 3381(55.1%) | 4971(59.2%) | 4112(57.8%) | 3493(61.0%) | |
| Farmers | 1662(27.1%) | 1715(20.4%) | 1346(18.9%) | 1049(18.3%) | |
| Traders | 426(6.9%) | 599(7.1%) | 595(8.4%) | 483(8.4%) | |
| Educational attainmentc | <0.0001 | ||||
| junior middle school or below | 2081(29.0%) | 2392(24.5%) | 1920(23.7%) | 1655(25.7%) | |
| senior middle school | 2646(36.9%) | 4092(42.0%) | 3525(43.6%) | 2934(45.6%) | |
| junior college degree or above | 2441(34.1%) | 3270(33.5%) | 2644(32.7%) | 1841(28.6%) | |
| Prenatal care institutionsd | <0.0001 | ||||
| General hospitals | 6371(86.0%) | 7834(80.8%) | 6001(76.0%) | 4414(70.0%) | |
| Community hospitals | 1039(14.0%) | 1859(19.2%) | 1900(24.1%) | 1889(30.0%) | |
*Data are the mean ± SD, median (p25–p75) or n (%) values otherwise indicated. So is Table 2.
a
missing 796, bmissing 4672, cmissing 611, dmissing 745.