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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Pharm Des. 2014;21(3):332–342. doi: 10.2174/1381612820666140826113731

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

PDE4 isoforms and their post-translational regulation. PDE4 isoforms are classified based on the presence of their upstream conserved regions (UCR) and each isoform is differentially regulated by PKA and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation; these posttranslational modifications result in either an increase (+) or decrease (−) in PDE activity.