Table 1.

Selected characteristics of study sample by coffee consumption category, NHANES (1999–2010)

	coffee, cupa /day
	0	<1	1–<2	2–<3	3+
N	13175	4266	5178	2618	2555
Coffee intake distribution (%)b
Sex
Male	47.8	40.6	45.5	52.5	58.7
Female	52.2	59.4	54.5	47.5	41.3
Ethnicity
Mexican American	8.8	11.5	8.2	4.6	2.6
Other Hispanic	5.0	10.1	5.0	3.5	2.1
Non-Hispanic White	65.1	61.9	75.2	84.6	90.4
Non-Hispanic Black	15.3	9.4	7.3	3.8	2.2
Other Race	5.8	7.1	4.4	3.4	2.8
Age
20–34	42.9	18.7	17.8	11.9	12.2
35–49	29.1	26.1	30.1	32.4	36.0
50–64	17.6	25.9	27.9	33.9	34.4
65–85	10.4	29.2	24.2	21.8	17.4
Education
less than 9th grade	5.7	12.6	6.9	5.1	4.8
9–11th grade	13.1	14.1	12.1	10.8	12.5
High school/GED	25.2	22.8	24.3	25.8	27.4
Some college or AA degree	32.0	25.1	28.4	29.5	30.7
College and higher	23.9	25.3	28.3	28.9	24.6
BMI, kg/m2
<18.5	2.1	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.7
18.5–24.9	31.0	32.3	31.1	27.8	30.3
25–29.9	31.2	35.5	34.8	36.9	37.5
30–34.9	18.8	18.3	19.8	19.3	18.5
35+	15.7	10.8	11.7	12.9	11.0
Smoking
Never	54.6	50.1	45.7	41.7	30.5
Former	18.6	25.8	27.8	29.2	29.0
Current, <1 pck/d	15.2	14.0	14.9	14.0	15.7
Current, 1+ pck/d	5.5	3.4	5.8	8.8	19.6
Alcohol
Non-drinker	30.8	33.9	25.7	23.0	24.5
less than 1 drink/week	28.7	26.6	27.4	26.9	28.4
1–<3 drink/week	13.4	13.8	15.5	13.7	13.0
3–<7 drink/week	9.9	10.6	12.6	14.5	13.0
1–<2 drink/d	6.5	6.5	9.5	11.1	9.7
2+ drink/day	5.9	3.0	4.6	6.7	7.8
Diabetes	6.5	9.7	9.3	7.3	7.3
Hemoglobin A1c >95%	4.7	5.9	5.8	4.5	4.6
HBsAg or HBcAb positive	5.0	7.2	5.7	4.8	4.4
Hepatitis C antibody positive	1.7	1.4	1.7	1.4	2.5

^aone cup is defined as 10 oz, or 283.5 grams of coffee

^bWeighted percentage