Table 3.
Spectroscopic Analyses Used in Monitoring Surface Water Quality and Organic Matter Characterization
| Wavelength (nm) | Application | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Absorbance | ||
| 254 nm | Organic matter characterization and source identification, DOC, and conductivity correlation | Westerhoff and Anning (2000); Pons et al. (2004) |
| 280 nm | Domestic effluent characterization, BOD, and DOC correlation | Nataraja et al. (2006) |
| 285 nm | DOC composition, fulvic acids, and labil organic matter | Rostan and Cellot (1995) |
| Synchronous fluorescence (Δλ=λem Δ λex) | ||
| Δλ=18 nm | Aquatic humic matter | Peuravuori et al. (2002) |
| Δλ=20 nm | Wastewater | Ahmad and Reynolds (1995) |
| Δλ=60 nm | Detection of domestic wastewater | Galapate et al. (1998); Reynolds (2003) |
| Fluorescence (excitation/emission wavelength) | ||
| 230–275/310 nm | Tyrosine-like fluorescence (peak B) | Coble (1996); Hudson et al. (2007) |
| 230–248/340–350 nm | Tryptophan peak (peak T2), NOM, and domestic effluents characterization, BOD correlation | Coble (1996); Ahmad and Reynolds (1999); Henderson et al. (2009) |
| 280–290/350 nm | Tryptophan-like fluorescence (peak T1) and sewage evaluation, BOD correlation, biodegradable organic matter differentiation | Coble (1996); Pons et al. (2004); Reynolds (2002); Hudson et al. (2007) |
| 280/440 nm | Nonbiodegradable organic matter differentiation | Reynolds (2002) |
| 324 nm | Natural organic matter and DOC characterization | Frimmel (1998); Westerhoff and Anning (2000) |
| 370 nm | DOC and humic content characterization in water, soil, and sediments | Westerhoff and Anning (2000) |