FIG. 3.

Expression of RA nuclear receptors during early neural differentiation Screening of the RNA expression of RARs (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ) and RXRs (RXRα, RXRβ, and RXRγ) by qRT-PCR showed that RARγ and RXRγ exhibited a rapid decrease during early neural induction, whereas RARα, RARβ, RXRα, and RXRβ were upregulated in ESC culture after RA treatment (A–F). Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of RARα was induced after RA treatment in ESCs and iPSCs (G). Using ImageJ software to quantify protein expression, we showed that the level of induction of the RARα protein in ESCs was significantly higher than that detected in iPSCs (H). The error bar represents the mean±SEM. (*) P<0.05.