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. 2014 Nov 27;5:244. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00244

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Copyright © 2014 Stapleton-Kotloski, Kotloski, Boggs, Popli, O’Donovan, Couture, Cornell and Godwin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Patient 2. (A) The raw MEG recording (black traces) was heavily contaminated by artifact from the patient’s VNS, while the source signal series (red trace) allowed identification of epileptiform activity (asterisk). (B) Epileptiform activity (asterisk) identified within the source signal series (red trace) coincided with the patient’s frequent interictal spike on the simultaneously recorded scalp EEG (black traces). (C) Source signal series at the site of the temporal lobe depth electrodes (red traces, V1 left temporal lobe, V2 right temporal lobe) did not demonstrate a change in activity with the left frontotemporal spike seen on scalp EEG (asterisk). A change in the source signal series from the left temporal lobe correlated with left-sided slowing seen on scalp EEG (bracket). (D) Reconstruction of the patient’s brain from his own MRI illustrates the left temporal resection (green) as well as the likely source of his interictal activity based on SAM(g2) analysis of his MEG recording (red crosses). (E) A coronal plane T2-weighted MRI of the patient’s brain demonstrating sclerosis of the left hippocampus (arrow). (F) An axial plane ¹⁸F-FDG PET image demonstrating hypometabolism of the left frontotemporal region (arrow).