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. 2014 Nov 27;5:244. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00244

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Copyright © 2014 Stapleton-Kotloski, Kotloski, Boggs, Popli, O’Donovan, Couture, Cornell and Godwin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Patient 3. (A) The raw MEG sensor data (black traces) exhibited strong artifacts due the patient’s VNS, but the source signal reconstruction (red) from the amygdala displayed clear spikes. (B) The SAM(g2) statistical parametric maps indicated a right hippocampal focus as well as (C) another focus in the amygdala. (D) A CT scan reveals the placement of the hippocampal and amydalar depth electrodes, as well as the location of the hippocampal focus (green cross) as identified by SAM(g2). (E) An example of a seizure that arose from the anterior hippocampal and amygdalar electrodes, (black asterisks). (F) A coronal plane ictal SPECT image demonstrating hyperperfusion of the right temporal lobe (arrow). (G) A coronal plane ¹⁸F-FDG PET image demonstrating hypometabolism of the right temporal lobe (arrow).