Table 2.

Associations between excess HSC and other paleontological patterns

Group	Paraclade CG		Clade CG		CD at S/2
	τ	P	τ	P	τ	P
Brachiopods and molluscs	−0.234	0.010	−0.135	0.139	−0.068	0.453
Arthropods	−0.307	5.2 × 10−4	−0.077	0.386	−0.047	0.592
Echinoderms	−0.274	8.0 × 10−3	−0.151	0.145	−0.028	0.784
Chordates	−0.367	8.7 × 10−12	−0.161	2.8 × 10−3	−0.048	0.373
Cambrian	−0.074	0.631	−0.017	0.910	0.052	0.735
Paleozoic	−0.236	6.2 × 10−5	−0.064	0.277	−0.025	0.666
Meso-Cenozoic	−0.398	4.6 × 10−14	−0.175	9.3 × 10−4	−0.058	0.269

Associations between excess HSC and deviations from expected paraclade and clade centers of gravity (CGs) and cumulative disparity (CD) halfway through clade history (S/2) broken down by taxonomic group and time. τ gives Kendall’s rank correlation statistic.